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Lecture

Fluid Statics: Pressure and Hydraulic Machines

In course

ENG-272: Fluid mechanics (for SIE)

This course helps students acquire basic knowledge of the main concepts and equations of fluid mechanics and develop the skills necessary to work effectively in professional engineering practice. ...

Description

This lecture covers the definition of pressure, fluid statics, hydraulic machines, the hydrostatic equation, atmospheric pressure, pressure measurements, and pressure forces on flat surfaces. It explains the interaction of fluids with surfaces, Pascal's law, and the hydrostatic equation for bodies of fluid. The lecture also delves into pressure variations in the atmosphere, pressure measurement techniques like barometers, manometers, and pressure transducers, as well as the calculation of resultant pressure forces on flat surfaces.

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Instructor

Fernando Porté Agel

FERNANDO PORTÉ AGEL Professor Director, Wind Engineering and Renewable Energy Laboratory (WIRE) School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC) École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) e-mail: fernando.porte-agel@epfl.ch RESEARCH INTERESTS Environmental fluid mechanics. Computational fluid dynamics. Atmospheric boundary layers. Turbulence. Large-eddy simulation. Wind energy. Wind engineering. Renewable energy. EDUCATION Ph.D. 1999 Johns Hopkins University, Environmental Engineering M.Sc. 1995 Hydrologic Engineering, IHE - Delft, The Netherlands B.S. 1992 Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Spain ACADEMIC POSITIONS 2010-present: Full Professor, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland 2005-2009: Associate Professor, St. Anthony Falls Laboratory and Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA 2000-2005: Assistant Professor, St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA AWARDS AND FELLOWSHIPS McKnight Presidential Fellow (2006-2009), University of Minnesota, USA McKnight Land-Grant Professorship (2003-2005), University of Minnesota, USA NASA Young Investigator Award (2001-2004), USA NSF CAREER Award (2001-2006), (Division of Earth Sciences Hydrological Sciences), USA Outstanding Student Paper Award: Hydrology Section, Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union; San Francisco, 1998. Research Award (1995-1997): La Caixa fellowship program; Barcelona, Spain. Research Award (1993-1995): Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs fellowship. Research Award (1990-1993): Spanish Civil Engineering Association.

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Industrial and production engineering

Industrial engineering: Hydraulics

Related concepts (32)

Pressure

Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure. Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems.

Pressure measurement

Pressure measurement is the measurement of an applied force by a fluid (liquid or gas) on a surface. Pressure is typically measured in units of force per unit of surface area. Many techniques have been developed for the measurement of pressure and vacuum. Instruments used to measure and display pressure mechanically are called pressure gauges, vacuum gauges or compound gauges (vacuum & pressure). The widely used Bourdon gauge is a mechanical device, which both measures and indicates and is probably the best known type of gauge.

Hydrostatics

Fluid statics or hydrostatics is the branch of fluid mechanics that studies the condition of the equilibrium of a floating body and submerged body "fluids at hydrostatic equilibrium and the pressure in a fluid, or exerted by a fluid, on an immersed body". It encompasses the study of the conditions under which fluids are at rest in stable equilibrium as opposed to fluid dynamics, the study of fluids in motion. Hydrostatics is a subcategory of fluid statics, which is the study of all fluids, both compressible or incompressible, at rest.

Blood pressure

Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels. Most of this pressure results from the heart pumping blood through the circulatory system. When used without qualification, the term "blood pressure" refers to the pressure in a brachial artery, where it is most commonly measured. Blood pressure is usually expressed in terms of the systolic pressure (maximum pressure during one heartbeat) over diastolic pressure (minimum pressure between two heartbeats) in the cardiac cycle.

Atmospheric pressure

Atmospheric pressure, also known as air pressure or barometric pressure (after the barometer), is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. The standard atmosphere (symbol: atm) is a unit of pressure defined as , which is equivalent to 1,013.25 millibars, 760 mm Hg, 29.9212 inches Hg, or 14.696 psi. The atm unit is roughly equivalent to the mean sea-level atmospheric pressure on Earth; that is, the Earth's atmospheric pressure at sea level is approximately 1 atm.

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