Lecture

Building Materials: Characteristics and Classification

Graph Chat

Chat with Graph Search

Ask any question about EPFL courses, lectures, exercises, research, news, etc. or try the example questions below.

DISCLAIMER: The Graph Chatbot is not programmed to provide explicit or categorical answers to your questions. Rather, it transforms your questions into API requests that are distributed across the various IT services officially administered by EPFL. Its purpose is solely to collect and recommend relevant references to content that you can explore to help you answer your questions.

Description

This lecture covers the characteristics and classification of building materials, including physical properties like density, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity. It discusses various materials such as metals, concrete, stones, wood, and insulation materials, highlighting their mechanical resistance, elasticity, and thermal expansion. The lecture also explores the absorption and emission properties of different materials, focusing on their infrared and visible light absorption. Additionally, it delves into the concept of materials' absorption of sound and their resistance to wear and impact. The presentation concludes with a detailed examination of the absorption and emission powers of various materials in the infrared and visible light spectrum.

This video is available exclusively on Mediaspace for a restricted audience. Please log in to MediaSpace to access it if you have the necessary permissions.

Watch on Mediaspace

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Chemistry

Physical chemistry: Spectroscopy

Related concepts (32)

Absorption spectroscopy

Absorption spectroscopy refers to spectroscopic techniques that measure the absorption of electromagnetic radiation, as a function of frequency or wavelength, due to its interaction with a sample. The sample absorbs energy, i.e., photons, from the radiating field. The intensity of the absorption varies as a function of frequency, and this variation is the absorption spectrum. Absorption spectroscopy is performed across the electromagnetic spectrum.

Emission spectrum

The emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted due to an electron making a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state. The photon energy of the emitted photon is equal to the energy difference between the two states. There are many possible electron transitions for each atom, and each transition has a specific energy difference. This collection of different transitions, leading to different radiated wavelengths, make up an emission spectrum.

Infrared spectroscopy

Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy or vibrational spectroscopy) is the measurement of the interaction of infrared radiation with matter by absorption, emission, or reflection. It is used to study and identify chemical substances or functional groups in solid, liquid, or gaseous forms. It can be used to characterize new materials or identify and verify known and unknown samples. The method or technique of infrared spectroscopy is conducted with an instrument called an infrared spectrometer (or spectrophotometer) which produces an infrared spectrum.

Price elasticity of demand

A good's price elasticity of demand (, PED) is a measure of how sensitive the quantity demanded is to its price. When the price rises, quantity demanded falls for almost any good, but it falls more for some than for others. The price elasticity gives the percentage change in quantity demanded when there is a one percent increase in price, holding everything else constant. If the elasticity is −2, that means a one percent price rise leads to a two percent decline in quantity demanded.

Electromagnetic absorption by water

The absorption of electromagnetic radiation by water depends on the state of the water. The absorption in the gas phase occurs in three regions of the spectrum. Rotational transitions are responsible for absorption in the microwave and far-infrared, vibrational transitions in the mid-infrared and near-infrared. Vibrational bands have rotational fine structure. Electronic transitions occur in the vacuum ultraviolet regions. Liquid water has no rotational spectrum but does absorb in the microwave region.

Related lectures (64)

Elasticity: Constitutive Modelling in Geomechanics

Explores constitutive equations in geomechanics, stress-strain behavior, and practical applications in engineering.

Materials Choice: Properties, Selection Criteria, and Technological Progress

Explores the significance of materials in industries, selection criteria, and technological advancements.

Macromechanics of Orthotropic Composites

Explores the behavior of orthotropic composites under plane stresses and the elasticity of anisotropic materials.

Snow Mechanics: Avalanche Release and Weak Layers

Explores snow mechanics, avalanche release, weak snow layers, deformation, and failure criteria.

Harmonic Oscillator and Hooke's Law