Lecture

Metabolism: Energy and Cellular Compounds

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In course

ENV-103: Biology

This course will cover the fundamental principles governing life and the living world. Topics will include the diversity of living organisms, cellular biology, genetics, evolution, and ecology. This course provides a foundation in biology, fostering critic ...

Description

This lecture covers the two main processes of metabolism: catabolism and anabolism, which respectively involve the degradation and synthesis of cellular compounds. It delves into the energy balance associated with hydrolysis reactions, the citric acid cycle, aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and the production of ATP. The instructor explains the glycolysis pathway, the oxidation of pyruvate, and the diverse pathways for catabolizing proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. Additionally, the lecture explores the electron transport chain, oxidative phosphorylation, and the role of ATP synthase in generating ATP through chemiosmosis.

Instructors (4)

Julien Maillard

2011 - present: Research associate at the Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology (LBE, IIE-ENAC, EPFL) 2007 - 2010: Postdoctoral Fellow at the Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology (LBE, IIE-ENAC, EPFL) 2005 - 2006: Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of East Anglia (UEA, Norwich, UK) 2000 - 2004: PhD thesis at the Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology (LBE) 1995 - 2000: B.sc & M.sc at the Swiss Federal Institute for Technology, Zurich (ETHZ)

Pierre Rossi

Expertise Molecular tools (from DNA/RNA extractions procedures to complex community analysis) dedicated to microbial ecology Bioremediation of contaminated habitatsBiorecycling of valuable and critical metals for electronic waste and bottom ashesMultivariate statistics and numerical ecology applied to the microbial ecology field (soils, bioreactors, etc)Water desinfection proceduresGroundwater tracing with bacteriophagesCharacterization of bacterial strains contaminating industrial processes and medical env

Anna Carratala Ripolles

During my PhD, I mainly focused on characterizing the effect of environmental factors (namely temperature and sunlight) and disinfectants on the stability of human viral pathogens as contaminants of aquatic environments. In addition,I developed a novel source tracking tool to identify avian fecal contamination in environmental samples. Thanks to a research fellowship given by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology, I also had the opportunity to explore the diversity of marine viruses in Mediterranean coastal waters by genetic fingerprinting and by next generation sequencing. Later on, I became interested in the long-term effect of environmental stressors on virus communities, so I joined the LCE as a postdoc to investigate the adaptation of enteroviruses to ultraviolet radiation. For 4 years, I worked on developing UV-resistant viruses and characterizing their acquired phenotypic and genetic properties by combining directed evolution experiments, deep sequencing and population genetics. Out of the lab, I am passionate about nature, traveling and scuba diving.

Ianina Altshuler

Teaching & PhD PhD Students Haohua He, Anna Dukat, Laureen Sarah Ahlers, Anastasiia Kosolapova, Grace Emma Marsh Courses Biology ENV-103 This course will cover the fundamental principles governing life and the living world. Topics will include the diversity of living organisms, cellular biology, genetics, evolution, and ecology. This course provides a foundation in biology, fostering critical thinking & analytical skills. EESS - CESS Seminar Course - option 1 (FALL) ENV-630(a)

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Biology

Cell biology: Cell metabolism

Related concepts (32)

Catabolism

Catabolism (kəˈtæbəlɪzəm) is the set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions. Catabolism breaks down large molecules (such as polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins) into smaller units (such as monosaccharides, fatty acids, nucleotides, and amino acids, respectively). Catabolism is the breaking-down aspect of metabolism, whereas anabolism is the building-up aspect.

Anaerobic respiration

Anaerobic respiration is respiration using electron acceptors other than molecular oxygen (O2). Although oxygen is not the final electron acceptor, the process still uses a respiratory electron transport chain. In aerobic organisms undergoing respiration, electrons are shuttled to an electron transport chain, and the final electron acceptor is oxygen. Molecular oxygen is an excellent electron acceptor. Anaerobes instead use less-oxidizing substances such as nitrate (NO3-), fumarate (C4H2O42-), sulfate (SO42-), or elemental sulfur (S).

Adenosine diphosphate

Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), also known as adenosine pyrophosphate (APP), is an important organic compound in metabolism and is essential to the flow of energy in living cells. ADP consists of three important structural components: a sugar backbone attached to adenine and two phosphate groups bonded to the 5 carbon atom of ribose. The diphosphate group of ADP is attached to the 5’ carbon of the sugar backbone, while the adenine attaches to the 1’ carbon. ADP can be interconverted to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP).

Oxaloacetic acid

Oxaloacetic acid (also known as oxalacetic acid or OAA) is a crystalline organic compound with the chemical formula HO2CC(O)CH2CO2H. Oxaloacetic acid, in the form of its conjugate base oxaloacetate, is a metabolic intermediate in many processes that occur in animals. It takes part in gluconeogenesis, the urea cycle, the glyoxylate cycle, amino acid synthesis, fatty acid synthesis and the citric acid cycle. Oxaloacetic acid undergoes successive deprotonations to give the dianion: HO2CC(O)CH2CO2H −O2CC(O)CH2CO2H + H+, pKa = 2.

Cellular respiration

Cellular respiration is the process by which biological fuels are oxidised in the presence of an inorganic electron acceptor, such as oxygen, to drive the bulk production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which contains energy. Cellular respiration may be described as a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert chemical energy from nutrients into ATP, and then release waste products.

Related lectures (56)

Microbial metabolism: Energy Generation and Biomass Production

Explores microbial metabolism, focusing on energy generation, biomass production, redox reactions, and electron carriers.

Citric Acid Cycle: Overview

Provides an in-depth exploration of the citric acid cycle, focusing on Acetyl-CoA production, oxidation, and regulation, as well as the process of fatty acid oxidation and transport.

Cellular Respiration: ATP Generation

Explores cellular respiration, focusing on ATP generation through catabolic pathways and the role of enzymes in energy capture.

Citric Acid Cycle: Energy Generation and Electron Transfer

Explores the Citric Acid Cycle, energy production, electron transfer, and metabolic pathways.

Glycolysis: Fermentation and ATP Synthesis