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Lecture

Electric Fields and Gauss's Law

In course

PHYS-114: General physics : electromagnetism

Le cours traite des concepts de l'électromagnétisme, avec le support d'expériences. Les sujets traités inclus l'électrostatique, le courant électrique et circuits, la magnétostatique, l'induction électromagnétique, les équations de Maxwell, et les ondes él ...

Description

This lecture covers the concept of charges in electric fields, the Millikan experiment for determining the charge of an electron, trajectories of charged particles in electric fields, electron optics in non-uniform electric fields, electric dipoles, multipole moments, flux of electric fields, Gauss's law, conductors and insulators, and the general consequences of Gauss's law. It also delves into the Gauss's divergence theorem and the application of these principles in various scenarios.

Instructors (3)

Lesya Shchutska

Fabio Avino

Jan Hugo Dil

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Physics

Electromagnetism: Electrodynamics

Related concepts (31)

Electric dipole moment

The electric dipole moment is a measure of the separation of positive and negative electrical charges within a system, that is, a measure of the system's overall polarity. The SI unit for electric dipole moment is the coulomb-meter (C⋅m). The debye (D) is another unit of measurement used in atomic physics and chemistry. Theoretically, an electric dipole is defined by the first-order term of the multipole expansion; it consists of two equal and opposite charges that are infinitesimally close together, although real dipoles have separated charge.

Gauss's law

In physics and electromagnetism, Gauss's law, also known as Gauss's flux theorem, (or sometimes simply called Gauss's theorem) is a law relating the distribution of electric charge to the resulting electric field. In its integral form, it states that the flux of the electric field out of an arbitrary closed surface is proportional to the electric charge enclosed by the surface, irrespective of how that charge is distributed.

Charge density

In electromagnetism, charge density is the amount of electric charge per unit length, surface area, or volume. Volume charge density (symbolized by the Greek letter ρ) is the quantity of charge per unit volume, measured in the SI system in coulombs per cubic meter (C⋅m−3), at any point in a volume. Surface charge density (σ) is the quantity of charge per unit area, measured in coulombs per square meter (C⋅m−2), at any point on a surface charge distribution on a two dimensional surface.

Gauss's law for gravity

In physics, Gauss's law for gravity, also known as Gauss's flux theorem for gravity, is a law of physics that is equivalent to Newton's law of universal gravitation. It is named after Carl Friedrich Gauss. It states that the flux (surface integral) of the gravitational field over any closed surface is proportional to the mass enclosed. Gauss's law for gravity is often more convenient to work from than Newton's law. The form of Gauss's law for gravity is mathematically similar to Gauss's law for electrostatics, one of Maxwell's equations.

Dipole

In physics, a dipole () is an electromagnetic phenomenon which occurs in two ways: An electric dipole deals with the separation of the positive and negative electric charges found in any electromagnetic system. A simple example of this system is a pair of charges of equal magnitude but opposite sign separated by some typically small distance. (A permanent electric dipole is called an electret.) A magnetic dipole is the closed circulation of an electric current system. A simple example is a single loop of wire with constant current through it.

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