Richter magnitude scaleThe Richter scale (ˈrɪktər), also called the Richter magnitude scale, Richter's magnitude scale, and the Gutenberg–Richter scale, is a measure of the strength of earthquakes, developed by Charles Francis Richter and presented in his landmark 1935 paper, where he called it the "magnitude scale". This was later revised and renamed the local magnitude scale, denoted as ML or .
Modified Mercalli intensity scaleThe modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS), developed from Giuseppe Mercalli's Mercalli intensity scale of 1902, is a seismic intensity scale used for measuring the intensity of shaking produced by an earthquake. It measures the effects of an earthquake at a given location, distinguished from the earthquake's inherent force or strength as measured by seismic magnitude scales (such as the "" magnitude usually reported for an earthquake).
École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneThe École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL; English: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Lausanne) is a public research university in Lausanne, Switzerland. Established in 1853, EPFL has placed itself as a university specializing in engineering and natural sciences. EPFL is part of the ETH Domain, which is directly dependent on the Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research.
Limiting magnitudeIn astronomy, limiting magnitude is the faintest apparent magnitude of a celestial body that is detectable or detected by a given instrument. In some cases, limiting magnitude refers to the upper threshold of detection. In more formal uses, limiting magnitude is specified along with the strength of the signal (e.g., "10th magnitude at 20 sigma"). Sometimes limiting magnitude is qualified by the purpose of the instrument (e.g., "10th magnitude for photometry") This statement recognizes that a photometric detector can detect light far fainter than it can reliably measure.
Balelec FestivalThe Balelec Festival is the largest musical event organized by students in Europe. It is usually the first open-air music festival happening in Switzerland each year during Spring. It is organised by volunteers on the campus of École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne near lake Geneva in Lausanne, Switzerland around the beginning of May. Originally the ball of the school's electronics faculty, the festival is known to happen on a rainy day. It has been held at EPFL since 1981.
Seismic loadingSeismic loading is one of the basic concepts of earthquake engineering which means application of an earthquake-generated agitation to a structure. It happens at contact surfaces of a structure either with the ground, or with adjacent structures, or with gravity waves from tsunami. Seismic loading depends, primarily, on: Anticipated earthquake's parameters at the site - known as seismic hazard Geotechnical parameters of the site Structure's parameters Characteristics of the anticipated gravity waves from tsunami (if applicable).
Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandesThe EPFL Press, formerly Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes (PPUR) is a Swiss independent scientific publishing house and a university press affiliated with the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Lausanne, Switzerland. The EPFL Press was founded in 1980. EPFL Press is based on the EPFL campus, in the Rolex Learning Center. The EPFL Press publishes « Le savoir suisse ». This series was created in 2002 in collaboration with Bertil Galland. Between 2002 and 2012, it edited 88 books and sold 150'000 copies (in French).
Strong ground motionIn seismology, strong ground motion is the strong earthquake shaking that occurs close to (less than about 50 km from) a causative fault. The strength of the shaking involved in strong ground motion usually overwhelms a seismometer, forcing the use of accelerographs (or strong ground motion accelerometers) for recording. The science of strong ground motion also deals with the variations of fault rupture, both in total displacement, energy released, and rupture velocity.
