Lecture

Tissue-level Wave Patterns: Cellular Oscillators and Genetic Waves

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In course

BIO-221: Cell and developmental biology for engineers

Students will learn essentials of cell and developmental biology with an engineering mind set, with an emphasis on animal systems and quantitative approaches. ...

Description

This lecture discusses tissue-level wave patterns generated by cellular oscillators and genetic waves. It covers the segmentation clock as a rhythmic pattern generator, wave patterns arising from cellular oscillators, and the slowing of oscillators before arrest. The lecture also explores gene expression wave patterns, spatial frequency profiles, and the role of signaling gradients in positional information. Additionally, it presents a model for the single-cell pacemaker circuit and the generation of wave patterns at the single-cell level. The exercises focus on observing traveling waves at the tissue level and relating a simple model to the segmentation clock.

Instructors (2)

Pierre Gönczy

Pierre Gönczy obtained his PhD from The Rockefeller University (New York, USA) in 1995 and joined the laboratory of Tony Hyman at the EMBL (Heidelberg, Germany) as a postdoctoral fellow in 1996. He started his own laboratory at ISREC in 2000. In 2005, he became Associate Professor at the EPFL School of Life Sciences, and was promoted Full Professor in 2009.

Andrew Charles Oates

After an undergraduate degree in Biochemistry at the University of Adelaide with Honours in Robert Saint’s lab, Andrew Oates received his Ph.D. at the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research and the University of Melbourne in the lab of Andrew Wilks. His postdoctoral time was at Princeton University and the University of Chicago in the lab of Robert Ho, where his studies on the segmentation clock in zebrafish began in 1998. In 2003 he moved to Germany and started his group at the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics in Dresden. In 2012 he accepted a position at University College London as Professor of vertebrate developmental genetics and moved his group to the MRC-National Institute for Medical Research at Mill Hill in London. From April 2015, he became a member of the Francis Crick Institute in London. In September 2016, he joined École polytechnique fédéral de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland as a Professor, where he is the head of the Timing, Oscillation, Patterns Laboratory. From April 2018 he served as Director of the Institute of Bioengineering, and from January 2021 became the Dean of the School of Life Sciences. The Timing, Oscillation, Patterns Laboratory is composed of biologists, engineers, and physicists using molecular genetics, quantitative imaging, and theoretical analysis to study a population of coupled genetic oscillators in the vertebrate embryo termed the segmentation clock. This system drives the rhythmic, sequential, and precise formation of embryonic body segments, exhibiting rich spatial and temporal phenomena spanning from molecular to tissue scales.

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