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Lecture

System Analysis in Time Domain

In course

ME-221: Dynamical systems

Provides the students with basic notions and tools for the analysis of dynamic systems. Shows them how to develop mathematical models of dynamic systems and perform analysis in time and frequency domains. ...

Description

This lecture covers system analysis in the time domain, focusing on first and second-order systems, step response, transient response, stability, and higher-order systems. It discusses the characteristics of first and second-order systems, including poles, step response, and underdamped cases. The lecture also delves into transient response specifications such as rise time, peak time, maximum overshoot, and settling time. Additionally, it explores the impact of poles, zeros, and system properties on stability, emphasizing the importance of pole locations in determining system behavior. Examples and graphical representations are used to illustrate key concepts.

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Instructor

Mahmut Selman Sakar

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Information engineering

Control theory and engineering: Control theory

Related concepts (32)

Step response

The step response of a system in a given initial state consists of the time evolution of its outputs when its control inputs are Heaviside step functions. In electronic engineering and control theory, step response is the time behaviour of the outputs of a general system when its inputs change from zero to one in a very short time. The concept can be extended to the abstract mathematical notion of a dynamical system using an evolution parameter.

Damping

Damping is an influence within or upon an oscillatory system that has the effect of reducing or preventing its oscillation. In physical systems, damping is produced by processes that dissipate the energy stored in the oscillation. Examples include viscous drag (a liquid's viscosity can hinder an oscillatory system, causing it to slow down; see viscous damping) in mechanical systems, resistance in electronic oscillators, and absorption and scattering of light in optical oscillators.

Overshoot (signal)

In signal processing, control theory, electronics, and mathematics, overshoot is the occurrence of a signal or function exceeding its target. Undershoot is the same phenomenon in the opposite direction. It arises especially in the step response of bandlimited systems such as low-pass filters. It is often followed by ringing, and at times conflated with the latter. Maximum overshoot is defined in Katsuhiko Ogata's Discrete-time control systems as "the maximum peak value of the response curve measured from the desired response of the system.

Rise time

In electronics, when describing a voltage or current step function, rise time is the time taken by a signal to change from a specified low value to a specified high value. These values may be expressed as ratios or, equivalently, as percentages with respect to a given reference value. In analog electronics and digital electronics, these percentages are commonly the 10% and 90% (or equivalently 0.1 and 0.9) of the output step height: however, other values are commonly used.

Settling time

In control theory the settling time of a dynamical system such as an amplifier or other output device is the time elapsed from the application of an ideal instantaneous step input to the time at which the amplifier output has entered and remained within a specified error band. Settling time includes a propagation delay, plus the time required for the output to slew to the vicinity of the final value, recover from the overload condition associated with slew, and finally settle to within the specified error.

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