Lecture

Personalized Health through the Eyes of a Fly

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In course

HUM-388: Personalized health: biomedical & social challenge

La médecine personnalisée, préventive, prédictive et participative bouleverse les connaissances médicales établies, ainsi que les configurations sociales et politiques de la médecine. Ce cours analyse ces processus à travers une approche interdisciplinaire ...

Description

This lecture explores the concept of personalized health through the lens of a fly as a model organism, discussing reductionism and holism in biological thought, the integration of biological levels, and the emergence of systems medicine. It delves into the use of Drosophila as a tool for studying symbiosis, the Fly Cell Atlas, and the microbiota in 4Ps Medicine, emphasizing the distributed and interactive nature of biological causality. The lecture also touches on the challenges and possibilities of integrating holistic models and measurements in the context of 4Ps Medicine.

Instructor

Luca Chiapperino

Expertise Social Studies of Science; Science and Technology Studies; Public Health Ethics; Applied Philosophy; Sustainability Transitions Teaching & PhD Courses Health A: Innovation, Equity, Sustainability HUM-125(a) The course provides an interdisciplinary examination of key global health challenges, focusing on biomedical innovations, pharmaceuticals, sustainability, mental health, and health policies. It offer a critical skillset to engineering students approaching these complex health ch

Official source

Related concepts (32)

Personalized medicine

Personalized medicine, also referred to as precision medicine, is a medical model that separates people into different groups—with medical decisions, practices, interventions and/or products being tailored to the individual patient based on their predicted response or risk of disease. The terms personalized medicine, precision medicine, stratified medicine and P4 medicine are used interchangeably to describe this concept though some authors and organisations use these expressions separately to indicate particular nuances.

Symbiosis

Symbiosis (from Greek συμβίωσις, symbíōsis, "living together", from σύν, sýn, "together", and βίωσις, bíōsis, "living") is any type of a close and long-term biological interaction between two biological organisms of different species, termed symbionts, be it mutualistic, commensalistic, or parasitic. In 1879, Heinrich Anton de Bary defined it as "the living together of unlike organisms". The term is sometimes used in the more restricted sense of a mutually beneficial interaction in which both symbionts contribute to each other's support.

Gut microbiota

Gut microbiota, gut microbiome, or gut flora, are the microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses, that live in the digestive tracts of animals. The gastrointestinal metagenome is the aggregate of all the genomes of the gut microbiota. The gut is the main location of the human microbiome. The gut microbiota has broad impacts, including effects on colonization, resistance to pathogens, maintaining the intestinal epithelium, metabolizing dietary and pharmaceutical compounds, controlling immune function, and even behavior through the gut–brain axis.

Microbiota

Microbiota are the range of microorganisms that may be commensal, mutualistic, or pathogenic found in and on all multicellular organisms, including plants. Microbiota include bacteria, archaea, protists, fungi, and viruses, and have been found to be crucial for immunologic, hormonal, and metabolic homeostasis of their host. The term microbiome describes either the collective genomes of the microbes that reside in an ecological niche or within the microbes themselves.

Model organism

A model organism (often shortened to model) is a non-human species that is extensively studied to understand particular biological phenomena, with the expectation that discoveries made in the model organism will provide insight into the workings of other organisms. Model organisms are widely used to research human disease when human experimentation would be unfeasible or unethical. This strategy is made possible by the common descent of all living organisms, and the conservation of metabolic and developmental pathways and genetic material over the course of evolution.

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