Lecture

Chaperones@chromatin.nucleus: An emerging address of an ancient family

Graph Chat

Chat with Graph Search

Ask any question about EPFL courses, lectures, exercises, research, news, etc. or try the example questions below.

DISCLAIMER: The Graph Chatbot is not programmed to provide explicit or categorical answers to your questions. Rather, it transforms your questions into API requests that are distributed across the various IT services officially administered by EPFL. Its purpose is solely to collect and recommend relevant references to content that you can explore to help you answer your questions.

Description

This lecture explores the role of molecular chaperones in the nucleus and chromatin, focusing on Hsp90 as a key chaperone. Topics include the origin of molecular chaperones, chaperones in different cellular compartments, the interaction of Hsp90 with chromatin, and its implications in cancer. The lecture delves into the evolutionary role of Hsp90 as a capacitor, its genetic and non-genetic interactions, and its function in buffering genetic variation. It also discusses the molecular mechanisms of viral reactivation, the impact of Hsp90 inhibition on gene expression, and the potential of Hsp90 as a therapeutic target in cancer.

Official source

Related concepts (31)

Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread. Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel movements. While these symptoms may indicate cancer, they can also have other causes. Over 100 types of cancers affect humans. Tobacco use is the cause of about 22% of cancer deaths.

Lung cancer

Lung cancer, also known as lung carcinoma, is a malignant tumor that begins in the lung. Lung cancer is caused by genetic damage to the DNA of cells in the airways, often caused by cigarette smoking or inhaling damaging chemicals. Damaged airway cells gain the ability to multiply unchecked, causing the growth of a tumor. Without treatment, tumors spread throughout the lung, damaging lung function. Eventually lung tumors metastasize, spreading to other parts of the body.

Cancer research

Cancer research is research into cancer to identify causes and develop strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and cure. Cancer research ranges from epidemiology, molecular bioscience to the performance of clinical trials to evaluate and compare applications of the various cancer treatments. These applications include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy and combined treatment modalities such as chemo-radiotherapy.

Breast cancer

Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue. Signs of breast cancer may include a lump in the breast, a change in breast shape, dimpling of the skin, milk rejection, fluid coming from the nipple, a newly inverted nipple, or a red or scaly patch of skin. In those with distant spread of the disease, there may be bone pain, swollen lymph nodes, shortness of breath, or yellow skin.

Treatment of cancer

Cancer can be treated by surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy (including immunotherapy such as monoclonal antibody therapy) and synthetic lethality, most commonly as a series of separate treatments (e.g. chemotherapy before surgery). The choice of therapy depends upon the location and grade of the tumor and the stage of the disease, as well as the general state of the patient (performance status). Cancer genome sequencing helps in determining which cancer the patient exactly has for determining the best therapy for the cancer.

Related lectures (64)

What is cancer? - De Palma

Explores the definition, frequency, classification, and types of cancer, including carcinomas, sarcomas, hematopoietic malignancies, and neuroectodermal tumors.

DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications

Explores DNA methylation, CpG islands, histone modifications, EZH2 mutations, microRNAs in cancer, and genomic alterations in microRNAs.

Cancer Biology: Hallmarks and Mechanisms

Covers the hallmarks of cancer, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, metastasis, and genetic alterations driving tumorigenesis.

Pearl's Do Calculus: Rules and Intuition

Explains Pearl's do calculus rules and intuition, including action/observation exchange and interventions.

Altered Metabolism in Cancer: Warburg Effect and MYC Regulation