Lecture

Modeling Neurobiological Signals: Markov Chains

Graph Chat

Chat with Graph Search

Ask any question about EPFL courses, lectures, exercises, research, news, etc. or try the example questions below.

DISCLAIMER: The Graph Chatbot is not programmed to provide explicit or categorical answers to your questions. Rather, it transforms your questions into API requests that are distributed across the various IT services officially administered by EPFL. Its purpose is solely to collect and recommend relevant references to content that you can explore to help you answer your questions.

In course

COM-500: Statistical signal and data processing through applications

Building up on the basic concepts of sampling, filtering and Fourier transforms, we address stochastic modeling, spectral analysis, estimation and prediction, classification, and adaptive filtering, with an application oriented approach and hands-on numeri ...

Description

This lecture covers the modeling of neurobiological signals using Markov Chains, focusing on multiple state neurons and parameter estimation. It explains how the firing rate's time-dependent behavior can be modeled as a Markov Chain, considering initial and transition probabilities. The lecture also delves into the estimation of parameters using likelihood functions and Lagrange constrained maximization. Real data parameter estimation challenges are discussed, along with exercises on modeling samples generated by different classes.

Instructor

Andrea Ridolfi

I am a professor of Signal Processing and Communication Technologies at Bern University of Applied Sciences. Since 2004 I hold a lecturer position at EPFL, teaching “Mathematical Principles of Signal Processing” (Doctoral School, 2004 – 2011), “Statistical Signal and Data Processing through Applications” (Master Program, (2004 – ongoing), and Signal Processing and Machine Learning for Digital Humanities (Master, 2017 – 2019, co-taught with Mathieu Salzmann). Previously, I have been working as Project Manager and R&D Engineer at EPFL (2011-2014), coordinating the LCAV activities within the NSF – Nanotera project Opensense, and as Project Manager and R&D Engineer with the biomedical signal processing group at CSEM (2006-2011).

Official source

Related concepts (32)

Likelihood function

In statistical inference, the likelihood function quantifies the plausibility of parameter values characterizing a statistical model in light of observed data. Its most typical usage is to compare possible parameter values (under a fixed set of observations and a particular model), where higher values of likelihood are preferred because they correspond to more probable parameter values.

Likelihood principle

In statistics, the likelihood principle is the proposition that, given a statistical model, all the evidence in a sample relevant to model parameters is contained in the likelihood function. A likelihood function arises from a probability density function considered as a function of its distributional parameterization argument.

Estimation theory

Estimation theory is a branch of statistics that deals with estimating the values of parameters based on measured empirical data that has a random component. The parameters describe an underlying physical setting in such a way that their value affects the distribution of the measured data. An estimator attempts to approximate the unknown parameters using the measurements.

Likelihood-ratio test

In statistics, the likelihood-ratio test assesses the goodness of fit of two competing statistical models, specifically one found by maximization over the entire parameter space and another found after imposing some constraint, based on the ratio of their likelihoods. If the constraint (i.e., the null hypothesis) is supported by the observed data, the two likelihoods should not differ by more than sampling error. Thus the likelihood-ratio test tests whether this ratio is significantly different from one, or equivalently whether its natural logarithm is significantly different from zero.

Markov model

In probability theory, a Markov model is a stochastic model used to model pseudo-randomly changing systems. It is assumed that future states depend only on the current state, not on the events that occurred before it (that is, it assumes the Markov property). Generally, this assumption enables reasoning and computation with the model that would otherwise be intractable. For this reason, in the fields of predictive modelling and probabilistic forecasting, it is desirable for a given model to exhibit the Markov property.

Related lectures (64)

Spectral Estimation Methods

Explores parametric spectrum estimation methods, including line and smooth spectra, and delves into heart rate variability analysis.

Gaussian Mixture Models: Data Classification

Explores denoising signals with Gaussian mixture models and EM algorithm, EMG signal analysis, and image segmentation using Markovian models.

Statistical Signal Processing

Covers Gaussian Mixture Models, Denoising, Data Classification, and Spike Sorting using Principal Component Analysis.

MCMC Examples and Error Estimation

Covers Markov Chain Monte Carlo examples and error estimation methods.

Gaussian Mixture Models & Noisy Signals