Lecture

Finding Counter-Examples: Proper Values and Eigenvectors in Matrices

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In course

MATH-111(e): Linear Algebra

L'objectif du cours est d'introduire les notions de base de l'algèbre linéaire et ses applications. ...

Description

This lecture covers the concept of proper values and eigenvectors in matrices, focusing on finding counter-examples where these properties do not hold. The instructor discusses the conditions for proper values and eigenvectors, illustrating with examples and calculations.

Instructors (2)

Jérôme Scherer

Teaching & PhD PhD Students Virgile Simon Constantin Past EPFL PhD Students Samuel Lavenir Past EPFL PhD Students as codirector Kay Remo Werndli, Lyne Moser Courses Topology IV.a - Cohomology rings MATH-506 Singular cohomology is defined by dualizing the singular chain complex for spaces. We will study its basic properties, see how it acquires a multiplicative structure and becomes a graded commutative algebra. We study an algebraic version, namely group cohomology, and compare both approa

Nicolas Boumal

Teaching & PhD PhD Students Andreea-Alexandra Musat Past EPFL PhD Students Christopher Criscitiello, Quentin Rebjock Courses Continuous optimization MATH-329 This course introduces students to continuous, nonlinear optimization. We study the theory of optimization with continuous variables (with full proofs), and we analyze and implement important algorithms to solve constrained and unconstrained problems. Linear Algebra MATH-111(e) The purpose of the course is to introduce

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Related concepts (22)

Eigenvalues and eigenvectors

In linear algebra, an eigenvector (ˈaɪgənˌvɛktər) or characteristic vector of a linear transformation is a nonzero vector that changes at most by a constant factor when that linear transformation is applied to it. The corresponding eigenvalue, often represented by , is the multiplying factor. Geometrically, a transformation matrix rotates, stretches, or shears the vectors it acts upon. The eigenvectors for a linear transformation matrix are the set of vectors that are only stretched, with no rotation or shear.

Generalized eigenvector

In linear algebra, a generalized eigenvector of an matrix is a vector which satisfies certain criteria which are more relaxed than those for an (ordinary) eigenvector. Let be an -dimensional vector space and let be the matrix representation of a linear map from to with respect to some ordered basis. There may not always exist a full set of linearly independent eigenvectors of that form a complete basis for . That is, the matrix may not be diagonalizable.

Defective matrix

In linear algebra, a defective matrix is a square matrix that does not have a complete basis of eigenvectors, and is therefore not diagonalizable. In particular, an n × n matrix is defective if and only if it does not have n linearly independent eigenvectors. A complete basis is formed by augmenting the eigenvectors with generalized eigenvectors, which are necessary for solving defective systems of ordinary differential equations and other problems.

Eigendecomposition of a matrix

In linear algebra, eigendecomposition is the factorization of a matrix into a canonical form, whereby the matrix is represented in terms of its eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Only diagonalizable matrices can be factorized in this way. When the matrix being factorized is a normal or real symmetric matrix, the decomposition is called "spectral decomposition", derived from the spectral theorem. Eigenvalue, eigenvector and eigenspace A (nonzero) vector v of dimension N is an eigenvector of a square N × N matrix A if it satisfies a linear equation of the form for some scalar λ.

Pauli matrices

In mathematical physics and mathematics, the Pauli matrices are a set of three 2 × 2 complex matrices which are Hermitian, involutory and unitary. Usually indicated by the Greek letter sigma (σ), they are occasionally denoted by tau (τ) when used in connection with isospin symmetries. These matrices are named after the physicist Wolfgang Pauli. In quantum mechanics, they occur in the Pauli equation which takes into account the interaction of the spin of a particle with an external electromagnetic field.

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