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Lecture

Multiferroics: Ferroelectrics

In course

PHYS-491: Magnetism in materials

The lectures will provide an introduction to magnetism in materials, covering fundamentals of spin and orbital degrees of freedom, interactions between moments and some typical ordering patterns. Selected experimental techniques and their application in cu ...

Description

This lecture discusses the properties of ferroelectric materials, focusing on perovskite titanates and bismuth iron oxide as examples. It explores the coupling between ferroelectric and ferromagnetic behaviors in materials like hexagonal manganites and the challenges in creating a material with both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic properties.

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Instructor

Ivica Zivkovic

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Physics

Condensed matter physics: Phase transitions

Related concepts (32)

Magnetic dipole

In electromagnetism, a magnetic dipole is the limit of either a closed loop of electric current or a pair of poles as the size of the source is reduced to zero while keeping the magnetic moment constant. It is a magnetic analogue of the electric dipole, but the analogy is not perfect. In particular, a true magnetic monopole, the magnetic analogue of an electric charge, has never been observed in nature. However, magnetic monopole quasiparticles have been observed as emergent properties of certain condensed matter systems.

Magnetic domain

A magnetic domain is a region within a magnetic material in which the magnetization is in a uniform direction. This means that the individual magnetic moments of the atoms are aligned with one another and they point in the same direction. When cooled below a temperature called the Curie temperature, the magnetization of a piece of ferromagnetic material spontaneously divides into many small regions called magnetic domains. The magnetization within each domain points in a uniform direction, but the magnetization of different domains may point in different directions.

Magnetic moment

In electromagnetism, the magnetic moment is the magnetic strength and orientation of a magnet or other object that produces a magnetic field. Examples of objects that have magnetic moments include loops of electric current (such as electromagnets), permanent magnets, elementary particles (such as electrons), composite particles (such as protons and neutrons), various molecules, and many astronomical objects (such as many planets, some moons, stars, etc).

Antiferromagnetism

In materials that exhibit antiferromagnetism, the magnetic moments of atoms or molecules, usually related to the spins of electrons, align in a regular pattern with neighboring spins (on different sublattices) pointing in opposite directions. This is, like ferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism, a manifestation of ordered magnetism. The phenomenon of antiferromagnetism was first introduced by Lev Landau in 1933.

Ferromagnetism

Ferromagnetism is a property of certain materials (such as iron) that results in a significant, observable magnetic permeability, and in many cases, a significant magnetic coercivity, allowing the material to form a permanent magnet. Ferromagnetic materials are familiar metals that are noticeably attracted to a magnet, a consequence of their substantial magnetic permeability. Magnetic permeability describes the induced magnetization of a material due to the presence of an external magnetic field.

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Magnetic Properties Overview

Introduces magnetization, magnetic moments, and properties of materials, focusing on diamagnetism, paramagnetism, and ferromagnetism.

Magnetic Interactions: Ferromagnetism & Exchange

Covers ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and paramagnetism, explaining exchange interactions and magnetic domains.

Magnetic Ordering in Materials

Delves into magnetic ordering in materials, covering neglected spin interactions, Curie temperature, Neel temperature, and the Heisenberg Hamiltonian.

Dielectric and Magnetic Properties

Explores dielectric and magnetic properties of materials, including electrical conductivity, insulators, capacitors, and different types of magnetism.

Magnetic Properties: Materials and Magnetization