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Lecture

Titanium Aluminides and Zirconium

Description

This lecture covers the properties and applications of titanium aluminides, focusing on TiAl and TigAl phases, their ductility, and alloying with Nb. It also discusses the oxidation resistance of titanium aluminides compared to titanium alloys. Additionally, the lecture explores the similarities between zirconium and hafnium, their production processes, atomic radius, and applications in nuclear reactors. The separation processes of zirconium and hafnium due to their chemical similarities are detailed, along with the reduction of oxygen in zirconium and hafnium using the Kroll process.

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Ontological neighbourhood

Energy engineering

Nuclear power: Topics in nuclear power

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In nuclear physics, the concept of a neutron cross section is used to express the likelihood of interaction between an incident neutron and a target nucleus. The neutron cross section σ can be defined as the area in cm2 for which the number of neutron-nuclei reactions taking place is equal to the product of the number of incident neutrons that would pass through the area and the number of target nuclei. In conjunction with the neutron flux, it enables the calculation of the reaction rate, for example to derive the thermal power of a nuclear power plant.

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In nuclear engineering, a neutron moderator is a medium that reduces the speed of fast neutrons, ideally without capturing any, leaving them as thermal neutrons with only minimal (thermal) kinetic energy. These thermal neutrons are immensely more susceptible than fast neutrons to propagate a nuclear chain reaction of uranium-235 or other fissile isotope by colliding with their atomic nucleus. Water (sometimes called "light water" in this context) is the most commonly used moderator (roughly 75% of the world's reactors).

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