Lecture

Noise in Electronics

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In course

EE-296: Electrical systems and electronics II

Les concepts de base permettant de comprendre et d'analyser les systèmes électroniques dédiés à l'acquisition et au traitement des signaux (signaux physiologique, bio-capteurs) seront abordés en théorie et en pratique. Cela englobe l'amplification, le filt ...

Description

This lecture covers the basics of noise in electronics, including random fluctuations affecting signals, origins of noise in electronic components, deterministic and random signals, average power and root mean square value of signals, power spectral density, and noise sources. It also discusses the concept of correlated and uncorrelated noise sources, power totalization, and amplitude distribution law. The lecture concludes with examples illustrating noise contributions in different configurations and calculating noise in an operational amplifier. The instructor emphasizes the importance of understanding noise characteristics in electronic systems.

Instructors (2)

Adil Koukab

Cédric Meinen

Teaching & PhD Courses Electrical systems and electronics I EE-295 The course has the aim to provide the fundamental knowledge and experiences to understand basic electrical systems. Electrical systems and electronics II EE-296 The basic concepts enabling to understand and analysis the electronic systems dedicated to signals acquisition and processing (e.g. biosensors, physiological signals, ECG) are addressed. This includes the acquisition, amplification and filtering. El

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Information engineering

Signal processing: Digital image processing

Related concepts (32)

Noise reduction

Noise reduction is the process of removing noise from a signal. Noise reduction techniques exist for audio and images. Noise reduction algorithms may distort the signal to some degree. Noise rejection is the ability of a circuit to isolate an undesired signal component from the desired signal component, as with common-mode rejection ratio. All signal processing devices, both analog and digital, have traits that make them susceptible to noise.

Johnson–Nyquist noise

Johnson–Nyquist noise (thermal noise, Johnson noise, or Nyquist noise) is the electronic noise generated by the thermal agitation of the charge carriers (usually the electrons) inside an electrical conductor at equilibrium, which happens regardless of any applied voltage. Thermal noise is present in all electrical circuits, and in sensitive electronic equipment (such as radio receivers) can drown out weak signals, and can be the limiting factor on sensitivity of electrical measuring instruments.

Signal

In signal processing, a signal is a function that conveys information about a phenomenon. Any quantity that can vary over space or time can be used as a signal to share messages between observers. The IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing includes audio, video, speech, , sonar, and radar as examples of signals. A signal may also be defined as observable change in a quantity over space or time (a time series), even if it does not carry information.

Noise

Noise is unwanted sound considered unpleasant, loud, or disruptive to hearing. From a physics standpoint, there is no distinction between noise and desired sound, as both are vibrations through a medium, such as air or water. The difference arises when the brain receives and perceives a sound. Acoustic noise is any sound in the acoustic domain, either deliberate (e.g., music or speech) or unintended. In contrast, noise in electronics may not be audible to the human ear and may require instruments for detection.

Electronics

Electronics is a scientific and engineering discipline that studies and applies the principles of physics to design, create, and operate devices that manipulate electrons and other charged particles. Electronics is a subfield of electrical engineering, but it differs from it in that it focuses on using active devices such as transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits to control and amplify the flow of electric current and to convert it from one form to another, such as from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) or from analog to digital.

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