Lecture

X-rays: From Discovery to Applications

Graph Chat

Chat with Graph Search

Ask any question about EPFL courses, lectures, exercises, research, news, etc. or try the example questions below.

DISCLAIMER: The Graph Chatbot is not programmed to provide explicit or categorical answers to your questions. Rather, it transforms your questions into API requests that are distributed across the various IT services officially administered by EPFL. Its purpose is solely to collect and recommend relevant references to content that you can explore to help you answer your questions.

In course

CH-417: Optical methods in chemistry

Introduction and application of photon based tools for chemical sciences: from basic concepts to optical and x-ray lasers ...

Description

This lecture covers the historical perspective and introduction to X-rays, their properties, and applications in physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. It delves into X-ray diffraction of crystals, the power of X-rays in scattering with atomic resolution, and the specific colors of elements in the X-ray spectral regime. The lecture also discusses the importance of X-ray interactions with matter, the Debye-Waller factor, and the Debye-Scherrer formula. Furthermore, it explores the science opportunities offered by X-rays, including dynamics and structure analysis, charge and energy transfer, quantum control, and non-linear photon-matter interactions.

Instructor

Christoph Bostedt

Teaching & PhD PhD Students Eloisa Florence Manetti, Wenyi Jiang, Hankai Zhang, Loïc Lucien Cédric Bassement, Silas Strebel, Eliot Jermann Past EPFL PhD Students Jonas Knurr, Ningchen Yang Courses Optical methods in chemistry CH-417 Introduction and application of photon based tools for chemical sciences: from basic concepts to optical and x-ray lasers Physical Chemistry Seminar 1: Trends CH-643 Students can learn about the broader research in Phyiscal Chemistry and broaden

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Chemistry

Physical chemistry: Spectroscopy

Earth science

Geology: Mineralogy

Related concepts (32)

Spectroscopy

Spectroscopy is the field of study that measures and interprets the electromagnetic spectra that result from the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter as a function of the wavelength or frequency of the radiation. Matter waves and acoustic waves can also be considered forms of radiative energy, and recently gravitational waves have been associated with a spectral signature in the context of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO).

Infrared spectroscopy

Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy or vibrational spectroscopy) is the measurement of the interaction of infrared radiation with matter by absorption, emission, or reflection. It is used to study and identify chemical substances or functional groups in solid, liquid, or gaseous forms. It can be used to characterize new materials or identify and verify known and unknown samples. The method or technique of infrared spectroscopy is conducted with an instrument called an infrared spectrometer (or spectrophotometer) which produces an infrared spectrum.

Quantum logic gate

In quantum computing and specifically the quantum circuit model of computation, a quantum logic gate (or simply quantum gate) is a basic quantum circuit operating on a small number of qubits. They are the building blocks of quantum circuits, like classical logic gates are for conventional digital circuits. Unlike many classical logic gates, quantum logic gates are reversible. It is possible to perform classical computing using only reversible gates.

Diffraction

Diffraction is the interference or bending of waves around the corners of an obstacle or through an aperture into the region of geometrical shadow of the obstacle/aperture. The diffracting object or aperture effectively becomes a secondary source of the propagating wave. Italian scientist Francesco Maria Grimaldi coined the word diffraction and was the first to record accurate observations of the phenomenon in 1660.

Quantum computing

A quantum computer is a computer that exploits quantum mechanical phenomena. At small scales, physical matter exhibits properties of both particles and waves, and quantum computing leverages this behavior, specifically quantum superposition and entanglement, using specialized hardware that supports the preparation and manipulation of quantum states. Classical physics cannot explain the operation of these quantum devices, and a scalable quantum computer could perform some calculations exponentially faster than any modern "classical" computer.

Related lectures (64)

Analytical Electron Microscopy: Spectroscopy and Microanalysis

Explores Analytical Electron Microscopy techniques for chemical analysis using EELS and EDX.

Exploring Synchrotron and XFEL Radiation: Applications and Techniques

Covers synchrotron and XFEL radiation, their applications, and experimental techniques across various scientific fields.

Optical Methods in Chemistry

Introduces optical methods in chemistry, covering ray optics, lasers, spectroscopy, and X-ray physics, emphasizing light-matter interactions and Nobel Prize-winning advancements.

Electron Diffraction: Basics & Applications

Explores electron diffraction fundamentals, crystal symmetry, and advanced techniques for materials analysis.

Diffraction and Interference: Waves Phenomena