Lecture

From RNA to protein

Graph Chat

Chat with Graph Search

Ask any question about EPFL courses, lectures, exercises, research, news, etc. or try the example questions below.

DISCLAIMER: The Graph Chatbot is not programmed to provide explicit or categorical answers to your questions. Rather, it transforms your questions into API requests that are distributed across the various IT services officially administered by EPFL. Its purpose is solely to collect and recommend relevant references to content that you can explore to help you answer your questions.

Description

This lecture covers the process of alternative splicing, a mechanism that allows a single gene to produce multiple proteins. It explores how introns are excluded from the final transcript, and exons are joined to form mRNA. The lecture also delves into the genetic code, detailing the translation process from mRNA to proteins. It discusses the central dogma of molecular biology, emphasizing the role of transcription and translation. Furthermore, it explains how genes encode proteins through the genetic code, highlighting the start and stop codons. The lecture concludes by elucidating the journey from genetics to proteins, detailing the steps from transcription initiation to protein degradation.

In MOOC

Neuroscience Reconstructed: Genetics and Brain Development

Official source

Quiz

Ontological neighbourhood

Biology

Genetics: Molecular genetics

Related concepts (32)

Intron

An intron is any nucleotide sequence within a gene that is not expressed or operative in the final RNA product. The word intron is derived from the term intragenic region, i.e., a region inside a gene. The term intron refers to both the DNA sequence within a gene and the corresponding RNA sequence in RNA transcripts. The non-intron sequences that become joined by this RNA processing to form the mature RNA are called exons. Introns are found in the genes of most organisms and many viruses and they can be located in both protein-coding genes and genes that function as RNA (noncoding genes).

RNA splicing

RNA splicing is a process in molecular biology where a newly-made precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) transcript is transformed into a mature messenger RNA (mRNA). It works by removing all the introns (non-coding regions of RNA) and splicing back together exons (coding regions). For nuclear-encoded genes, splicing occurs in the nucleus either during or immediately after transcription. For those eukaryotic genes that contain introns, splicing is usually needed to create an mRNA molecule that can be translated into protein.

Translation

Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. The English language draws a terminological distinction (which does not exist in every language) between translating (a written text) and interpreting (oral or signed communication between users of different languages); under this distinction, translation can begin only after the appearance of writing within a language community.

Transcription (biology)

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. The segments of DNA transcribed into RNA molecules that can encode proteins are said to produce messenger RNA (mRNA). Other segments of DNA are copied into RNA molecules called non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). mRNA comprises only 1–3% of total RNA samples. Less than 2% of the human genome can be transcribed into mRNA (Human genome#Coding vs. noncoding DNA), while at least 80% of mammalian genomic DNA can be actively transcribed (in one or more types of cells), with the majority of this 80% considered to be ncRNA.

Translation studies

Translation studies is an academic interdiscipline dealing with the systematic study of the theory, description and application of translation, interpreting, and localization. As an interdiscipline, translation studies borrows much from the various fields of study that support translation. These include comparative literature, computer science, history, linguistics, philology, philosophy, semiotics, and terminology. The term "translation studies" was coined by the Amsterdam-based American scholar James S.

Related lectures (64)

Genomic Data Analysis: Molecular Biology Fundamentals

Covers molecular biology fundamentals for genomic data analysis, including DNA structure, genes, proteins, RNA, and PCR.

Proteins: Central Dogma and Translation

Explains protein synthesis, translation, and the central dogma of molecular biology.

RNA Functions: Transcription and Translation

Explores RNA functions in transcription, translation, and gene regulation, including defense mechanisms and viral infections.

Protein Production: Engineering Bacteria for Protein Synthesis

Covers the engineering of bacteria for efficient protein production and purification techniques using affinity tags.

Regulation of Translation: Ribosomal Control and Global Regulation