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Lecture

Fragile Camera Fingerprints

Description

This lecture explores the concept of Fragile Camera Fingerprints, focusing on the security and applicability of these fingerprints in digital image forensics. The instructor discusses the process of extracting noise from camera images, the discrete cosine transform, JPEG compression, and the implementation of fragile camera fingerprints. The lecture delves into the upperbound for compressed fingerprint quality, the dependencies between robust and fragile fingerprints, and the testing of these fingerprints for camera identification. Various tests and experiments are presented, including the triangle-test and the comparison with other fingerprinting methods.

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Instructor

Serge Vaudenay

Serge Vaudenay entered at the Ecole Normale Supérieure in 1989 with a major in mathematics. He earned his agrégation (secondary teaching degree) in mathematics in 1992, then a PhD in Computer Science at the University of Paris 7 - Denis Diderot in 1995. He subsequently became a senior research fellow at the CNRS, prior to being granted his habilitation à diriger des recherches (a postdoctoral degree authorizing the recipient to supervise doctoral students). In 1999, he was appointed as a Professor at the EPFL, where he created the Security and Cryptography Laboratory.

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Information engineering

Signal processing: Data compression

Related concepts (32)

JPEG

JPEG (ˈdʒeɪpɛɡ , short for Joint Photographic Experts Group) is a commonly used method of lossy compression for s, particularly for those images produced by digital photography. The degree of compression can be adjusted, allowing a selectable tradeoff between storage size and . JPEG typically achieves 10:1 compression with little perceptible loss in image quality. Since its introduction in 1992, JPEG has been the most widely used standard in the world, and the most widely used digital , with several billion JPEG images produced every day as of 2015.

Image compression

Image compression is a type of data compression applied to s, to reduce their cost for storage or transmission. Algorithms may take advantage of visual perception and the statistical properties of image data to provide superior results compared with generic data compression methods which are used for other digital data. Image compression may be lossy or lossless. Lossless compression is preferred for archival purposes and often for medical imaging, technical drawings, clip art, or comics.

Compression artifact

A compression artifact (or artefact) is a noticeable distortion of media (including , audio, and video) caused by the application of lossy compression. Lossy data compression involves discarding some of the media's data so that it becomes small enough to be stored within the desired or transmitted (streamed) within the available bandwidth (known as the data rate or bit rate). If the compressor cannot store enough data in the compressed version, the result is a loss of quality, or introduction of artifacts.

Discrete cosine transform

A discrete cosine transform (DCT) expresses a finite sequence of data points in terms of a sum of cosine functions oscillating at different frequencies. The DCT, first proposed by Nasir Ahmed in 1972, is a widely used transformation technique in signal processing and data compression. It is used in most digital media, including (such as JPEG and HEIF), digital video (such as MPEG and H.26x), digital audio (such as Dolby Digital, MP3 and AAC), digital television (such as SDTV, HDTV and VOD), digital radio (such as AAC+ and DAB+), and speech coding (such as AAC-LD, Siren and Opus).

JPEG 2000

JPEG 2000 (JP2) is an standard and coding system. It was developed from 1997 to 2000 by a Joint Photographic Experts Group committee chaired by Touradj Ebrahimi (later the JPEG president), with the intention of superseding their original JPEG standard (created in 1992), which is based on a discrete cosine transform (DCT), with a newly designed, wavelet-based method. The standardized is .jp2 for ISO/IEC 15444-1 conforming files and .jpx for the extended part-2 specifications, published as ISO/IEC 15444-2.

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Discrete cosine transform

JPEG 2000