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Lecture

Crystal Field Stabilization Energy Calculation

In course

CH-222: Coordination chemistry

Fundamental knowledge of coordination compounds. ...

Description

This lecture covers the calculation of the crystal field stabilization energy (CFSE) for a high spin complex with a T2G5EG2 configuration of electrons, determining the metal as cobalt, and explaining the relationship between delta octahedral and CFSE.

Instructor

Wendy Lee Queen

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Chemistry

Inorganic chemistry: Coordination chemistry

Related concepts (14)

Crystal field theory

In molecular physics, crystal field theory (CFT) describes the breaking of degeneracies of electron orbital states, usually d or f orbitals, due to a static electric field produced by a surrounding charge distribution (anion neighbors). This theory has been used to describe various spectroscopies of transition metal coordination complexes, in particular optical spectra (colors). CFT successfully accounts for some magnetic properties, colors, hydration enthalpies, and spinel structures of transition metal complexes, but it does not attempt to describe bonding.

Ligand field theory

Ligand field theory (LFT) describes the bonding, orbital arrangement, and other characteristics of coordination complexes. It represents an application of molecular orbital theory to transition metal complexes. A transition metal ion has nine valence atomic orbitals - consisting of five nd, one (n+1)s, and three (n+1)p orbitals. These orbitals are of appropriate energy to form bonding interaction with ligands. The LFT analysis is highly dependent on the geometry of the complex, but most explanations begin by describing octahedral complexes, where six ligands coordinate to the metal.

Coordination complex

A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents. Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes. Coordination complexes are so pervasive that their structures and reactions are described in many ways, sometimes confusingly.

Lone pair

In chemistry, a lone pair refers to a pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom in a covalent bond and is sometimes called an unshared pair or non-bonding pair. Lone pairs are found in the outermost electron shell of atoms. They can be identified by using a Lewis structure. Electron pairs are therefore considered lone pairs if two electrons are paired but are not used in chemical bonding. Thus, the number of electrons in lone pairs plus the number of electrons in bonds equals the number of valence electrons around an atom.

Electron pair

In chemistry, an electron pair or Lewis pair consists of two electrons that occupy the same molecular orbital but have opposite spins. Gilbert N. Lewis introduced the concepts of both the electron pair and the covalent bond in a landmark paper he published in 1916. Because electrons are fermions, the Pauli exclusion principle forbids these particles from having the same quantum numbers. Therefore, for two electrons to occupy the same orbital, and thereby have the same orbital quantum number, they must have different spin quantum number.

Related lectures (31)

Ligand Field Theory: Crystal Field Splitting

Delves into ligand field theory, crystal field splitting, and molecular orbitals in transition metal complexes.

Crystal Field Theory: Spectrochemical Series

Explores the Spectrochemical Series for metals and ligands, Crystal Field Splitting, Jahn-Teller distortion, and bonding interactions in coordination compounds.

Crystal Field Theory: Square Planar Complexes

Explores crystal field theory, focusing on square planar complexes and the spectrochemical series.

Ligand Field Theory: Octahedral Coordination Complexes

Covers ligand field theory for octahedral coordination complexes with pure sigma donors.

Ligand Field Theory