Lecture

Human Skeleton: Structure and Function

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In course

BIO-320: Morphology I

Ce cours est une préparation intensive à l'examen d'entrée en 3ème année de Médecine. Les matières enseignées sont la morphologie macroscopique (anatomie), microscopique (histologie) du corps humain. La matière est présentée dans une perspective médicale s ...

Description

This lecture covers the human skeleton, including the axial and appendicular skeleton, with a total of 206 bones. It details the regions of the skeleton, such as the skull, vertebrae, and ribs, and explains the structure of a typical vertebra. The lecture also discusses the palpation of cervical vertebrae, the anatomy of the cervical spine, intervertebral discs, and common pathologies like degenerative disc disease. Additionally, it explores the sternum's anatomy and its three parts, as well as the significance of the xiphoid process.

Instructor

Romain Zufferey

Teaching & PhD Courses Biology for engineers MSE-212 This course consists of an introduction to biology and more particularly to biology as a multidisciplinary field, emphasizing natural examples of materials engineering. It should therefore allow engineering students to find inspiration from biology in future materials research problems. Cellular biology and biochemistry for engineers BIO-105 Basic course in biochemistry as well as cellular and molecular biology for non-life

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Biology

Anatomy: Topics in anatomy

Related concepts (28)

Vertebral column

The vertebral column, also known as the backbone or spine, is part of the axial skeleton. The vertebral column is the defining characteristic of a vertebrate in which the notochord (a flexible rod of uniform composition) found in all chordates has been replaced by a segmented series of bone: vertebrae separated by intervertebral discs. Individual vertebrae are named according to their region and position, and can be used as anatomical landmarks in order to guide procedures such as lumbar punctures.

Vertebra

The spinal column, a defining synapomorphy shared by nearly all vertebrates, is a moderately flexible series of vertebrae (: vertebra), each constituting a characteristic irregular bone whose complex structure is composed primarily of bone, and secondarily of hyaline cartilage. They show variation in the proportion contributed by these two tissue types; such variations correlate on one hand with the cerebral/caudal rank (i.e., location within the backbone), and on the other with phylogenetic differences among the vertebrate taxa.

Spinal disc herniation

A spinal disc herniation is an injury to the cushioning and connective tissue between vertebrae, usually caused by excessive strain or trauma to the spine. It may result in back pain, pain or sensation in different parts of the body, and physical disability. The most conclusive diagnostic tool for disc herniation is MRI, and treatment may range from painkillers to surgery. Protection from disc herniation is best provided by core strength and an awareness of body mechanics including posture.

Congenital vertebral anomaly

Congenital vertebral anomalies are a collection of malformations of the spine. Most, around 85%, are not clinically significant, but they can cause compression of the spinal cord by deforming the vertebral canal or causing instability. This condition occurs in the womb. Congenital vertebral anomalies include alterations of the shape and number of vertebrae. Lumbarization is an anomaly in the spine. It is defined by the nonfusion of the first and second segments of the sacrum.

Skeleton

A skeleton is the structural frame that supports the body of most animals. There are several types of skeletons, including the exoskeleton, which is the stable outer shell of an organism, the endoskeleton, which forms the support structure inside the body, and the hydroskeleton, a flexible internal skeleton supported by fluid pressure. Vertebrates are animals with a vertebral column, and their skeletons are typically composed of bone and cartilage. Invertebrates are animals that lack a vertebral column.

Related lectures (8)

Axial and Appendicular Skeleton: Morphology and Structure

Explores the morphology and structure of the axial and appendicular skeleton, focusing on vertebrae, ribs, and intervertebral discs.

Human Skeleton Anatomy

Explores the three-dimensional anatomy of the human axial skeleton.

Muscles and Anatomy of the Neck

Explores the anatomy of the neck, emphasizing the scalene muscles and their functions.

The Sternum: Structure and Development

Explores the anatomy and development of the sternum, focusing on its structure and ossification process from infancy to adulthood.

Sternal Anatomy: Structure and Development