Lecture

Perception of Risk: Understanding Human Behavior

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In course

HUM-367: Risk governance

Le cours étudie les risques et bénéfices liés aux nouvelles technologies, en appliquant les principes de la gouvernance des risques. Il discute en particulier l'importance des approches interdisciplinaires, de la consultation des différents acteurs et de l ...

Description

This lecture explores the perception of risk as a rational response to complex phenomena, emphasizing the importance of understanding individual and societal concerns. It delves into psychological and emotional elements influencing risk perception, such as familiarity, controllability, and potential severity. The discussion extends to cognitive biases affecting risk assessment, including attentional biases, confirmation bias, and the law of the instrument. The lecture also examines historical memory of disasters, societal attitudes towards risk, and the governance of complex risks, using examples like climate change and economic incentives. By analyzing various factors influencing risk perception and decision-making, the instructor sheds light on the intricate interplay between scientific evaluation, economic interests, and societal choices.

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Instructor

Marie-Valentine Renée Agnès Florin

Marie-Valentine Florin is the executive director of the International Risk Governance Center. She organises IRGC collaborative activities, focusing in particular on the role of IRGC as a multi-stakeholder platform and a convening place at the interface between science and public policy. She joined the International Risk Governance Council (IRGC Foundation) www.irgc.org in 2006.From 2000-2006, she worked for local authorities, helping them develop and implement strategies for sustainable development, and for philanthropic and humanitarian organisations. She spent the first part of her career (1984-1999) in an international socio-cultural research and marketing consulting firm. Marie-Valentine graduated from Science Po in Paris (public policy and management), and then earned post-graduate diplomas in marketing strategy, sustainable development and environmental diplomacy. Her current involvement in IRGC activities is mostly related to:- systemic risks and transitions, governance of risks related to emerging and converging technologies- digital policy, specific risks related to machine learning- precision medicine- synthetic biology- nanotechnology- climate engineering Member of Advisory Committee to the World Economic Forum Global Risk Report 2015-2021; Fellow of the Society of Risk Analysis (SRA).

Official source

Related concepts (11)

Cognitive bias mitigation

Cognitive bias mitigation is the prevention and reduction of the negative effects of cognitive biases – unconscious, automatic influences on human judgment and decision making that reliably produce reasoning errors. Coherent, comprehensive theories of cognitive bias mitigation are lacking. This article describes debiasing tools, methods, proposals and other initiatives, in academic and professional disciplines concerned with the efficacy of human reasoning, associated with the concept of cognitive bias mitigation; most address mitigation tacitly rather than explicitly.

Confirmation bias

Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms or supports one's prior beliefs or values. People display this bias when they select information that supports their views, ignoring contrary information, or when they interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing attitudes. The effect is strongest for desired outcomes, for emotionally charged issues, and for deeply entrenched beliefs.

Bias

Bias is a disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea or thing, usually in a way that is closed-minded, prejudicial, or unfair. Biases can be innate or learned. People may develop biases for or against an individual, a group, or a belief. In science and engineering, a bias is a systematic error. Statistical bias results from an unfair sampling of a population, or from an estimation process that does not give accurate results on average. The word appears to derive from Old Provençal into Old French biais, "sideways, askance, against the grain".

Cognitive bias

A cognitive bias is a systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment. Individuals create their own "subjective reality" from their perception of the input. An individual's construction of reality, not the objective input, may dictate their behavior in the world. Thus, cognitive biases may sometimes lead to perceptual distortion, inaccurate judgment, illogical interpretation, and irrationality. While cognitive biases may initially appear to be negative, some are adaptive.

Cognitive dissonance

In the field of psychology, cognitive dissonance is the perception of contradictory information and the mental toll of it. Relevant items of information include a person's actions, feelings, ideas, beliefs, values, and things in the environment. Cognitive dissonance is typically experienced as psychological stress when persons participate in an action that goes against one or more of those things. According to this theory, when two actions or ideas are not psychologically consistent with each other, people do all in their power to change them until they become consistent.

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