Lecture

Respiratory System Function: Gas Exchange and Hemoglobin

Graph Chat

Chat with Graph Search

Ask any question about EPFL courses, lectures, exercises, research, news, etc. or try the example questions below.

DISCLAIMER: The Graph Chatbot is not programmed to provide explicit or categorical answers to your questions. Rather, it transforms your questions into API requests that are distributed across the various IT services officially administered by EPFL. Its purpose is solely to collect and recommend relevant references to content that you can explore to help you answer your questions.

In course

BIO-377: Physiology by systems

Le but est de connaitre et comprendre le fonctionnement des systèmes cardiovasculaire, urinaire, respiratoire, digestif, ainsi que du métabolisme de base et sa régulation afin de déveloper une réflection scientifique biomédicale. ...

Description

This lecture covers the dynamics of pulmonary capillaries, gas solubility, gas diffusion, alveolar gas composition, hypoxic and hypercapnic stimuli, ventilation-perfusion ratio, gas diffusion in the lungs and peripheral tissues, gas diffusion capacity, hemoglobin and its affinity, saturation/dissociation curve, Bohr effect, and Haldane effect on CO2 uptake. It also discusses the structure and function of the pulmonary vascular endothelium, the principles of gas exchange in the lungs, the composition of alveolar air, and the impact of ventilation-perfusion ratio on alveolar gas concentration.

This video is available exclusively on Mediaspace for a restricted audience. Please log in to MediaSpace to access it if you have the necessary permissions.

Watch on Mediaspace

Instructor

Sylvain Roy

1995: Diplôme fédéral de médecin 2000: Thèse de doctorat en médecine 2001: Diplôme fédéral de spécialiste FMH en ophtalmologie et ophtalmochirurgie 2003: Diplôme d'étude spécialisée en ingénierie biomédicale

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Health sciences

Intensive care medicine: Topics in intensive care medicine

Related concepts (32)

Pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension (PH or PHTN) is a condition of increased blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. Symptoms include shortness of breath, fainting, tiredness, chest pain, swelling of the legs, and a fast heartbeat. The condition may make it difficult to exercise. Onset is typically gradual. According to the latest definition at the 6th World Symposium of Pulmonary Hypertension, a patient is deemed to have pulmonary hypertension if the pulmonary mean arterial pressure is greater than 20mmHg at rest, and Pulmonary Vascular Resistance PVR >3 Wood units.

Respiratory system

The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies greatly, depending on the size of the organism, the environment in which it lives and its evolutionary history. In land animals the respiratory surface is internalized as linings of the lungs. Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in millions of small air sacs; in mammals and reptiles these are called alveoli, and in birds they are known as atria.

Hypercapnia

Hypercapnia (from the Greek hyper = "above" or "too much" and kapnos = "smoke"), also known as hypercarbia and CO2 retention, is a condition of abnormally elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the blood. Carbon dioxide is a gaseous product of the body's metabolism and is normally expelled through the lungs. Carbon dioxide may accumulate in any condition that causes hypoventilation, a reduction of alveolar ventilation (the clearance of air from the small sacs of the lung where gas exchange takes place) as well as resulting from inhalation of CO2.

Lung

The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in humans and most other animals, including some snails and a small number of fish. In mammals and most other vertebrates, two lungs are located near the backbone on either side of the heart. Their function in the respiratory system is to extract oxygen from the air and transfer it into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere, in a process of gas exchange.

Pulmonary edema

Pulmonary edema, also known as pulmonary congestion, is excessive liquid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces (usually alveoli) of the lungs. It leads to impaired gas exchange and may cause hypoxemia and respiratory failure. It is due to either failure of the left ventricle of the heart to remove oxygenated blood adequately from the pulmonary circulation (cardiogenic pulmonary edema), or an injury to the lung tissue directly or blood vessels of the lung (non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema).

Related lectures (29)

Respiratory System: Mechanics and Anatomy

Explores the anatomy and mechanics of the respiratory system, focusing on lung function and breathing mechanisms.

Revisiting Airflow and Aerosol Transport in the Deep Lungs

Explores airflow and aerosol transport in the deep lungs, covering anatomy, flow patterns, and deposition mechanisms.

Pulse Oximetry: Hemoglobin Oxygen Saturation Estimation

Explores pulse oximetry, a non-invasive technique for estimating hemoglobin oxygen saturation, covering principles, advancements, limitations, and future perspectives.

Protein Therapeutics: Blood Proteins and Enzymes

Explores blood composition, proteins, coagulation, diseases treated with enzymes, and case studies on genetic disorders.

Glucose Monitoring Devices