Lecture

Quantum Parametric Amplifiers

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In course

PHYS-464: Solid state systems for quantum information

This course will give an overview of the experimental state of the art of quantum technology for Quantum Information Processing (QIP). We will explore some of the most promising approaches for realizing quantum hardware and critically assess each approach' ...

Description

This lecture delves into the concept of quantum parametric amplifiers, which are crucial for improving the signal-to-noise ratio in quantum measurements. The instructor explains how these amplifiers work, the importance of single-shot readout capabilities, and the trade-offs involved in optimizing measurement speed and accuracy. The discussion also covers the challenges of minimizing dissipation while maximizing signal amplification, the role of resonators in quantum measurements, and the use of parcel filters to enhance measurement efficiency.

Instructor

Pasquale Scarlino

I obtained my master's degree in Physics at the University of Salento, Lecce (Italy) in February 2011. During 2006-2011, I have also been a student of Scuola Superiore ISUFI (SSI). SSI is one of six schools of excellence established in Italy to develop the intellectual capital in technological and social sciences. I conducted an external Master thesis project during an 8 months internship in the Quantum Transport Group at TU Delft, under the supervision of Prof. L.M.K. Vandersypen. There, I implemented the Quantum Point Contact Radio-Frequency Reflectometry technique, which allows increasing the single-shot electron spin readout bandwidth and is currently routinely used in the group.I obtained my Ph.D. degree in February 2016, in the Spin Qubits group of Prof. L.M.K. Vandersypen at the Kavli Institute of Nanoscience-Qutech (TU Delft). During my Ph.D. I have been leading the Si/SiGe spin qubits project, collaborating with the M. Eriksson Group at Wisconsin University. In parallel, I have been working on other different projects, in particular with GaAs depletion quantum dots, high impedance superconducting resonators, and surface acoustic wave resonators. I have been working as a Postdoc fellow in the group of Prof. A. Wallraff (Quantum Device Lab) at ETH Zurich. My main project, in collaboration with the group of Prof. K. Ensslin and Prof. T. Ihn, consisted in integrating semiconductor and superconductor technologies. Realizing a well-controlled interface between the semiconductor and superconductor-based quantum information technologies may allow harnessing the best of both device architectures, for example by providing an interface between strongly coupled charge state and high coherence spin states. Furthermore, it enables the possibility to explore light/matter hybridization in a class of solid-state systems and regimes that are new in the context of quantum optics.From June 2019 till September 2020, I have been a Senior Researcher at Microsoft Station Q Copenhagen and at the Center for Quantum Devices in Copenhagen, focusing on developing semiconductor-superconducting hybrid hardware for topologically protected quantum computation.Since October 2020, I am a tenure track Assistant Professor of Physics in the School of Basic Sciences at the EPFL where I founded the Hybrid Quantum Circuit (HQC) laboratory.

Official source

Ontological neighbourhood

Theoretical computer science

Theory of computation: Quantum computing

Related concepts (28)

Superconducting quantum computing

Superconducting quantum computing is a branch of solid state quantum computing that implements superconducting electronic circuits using superconducting qubits as artificial atoms, or quantum dots. For superconducting qubits, the two logic states are the ground state and the excited state, denoted respectively. Research in superconducting quantum computing is conducted by companies such as Google, IBM, IMEC, BBN Technologies, Rigetti, and Intel. Many recently developed QPUs (quantum processing units, or quantum chips) utilize superconducting architecture.

Signal-to-noise ratio

Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR or S/N) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise. SNR is defined as the ratio of signal power to noise power, often expressed in decibels. A ratio higher than 1:1 (greater than 0 dB) indicates more signal than noise. SNR is an important parameter that affects the performance and quality of systems that process or transmit signals, such as communication systems, audio systems, radar systems, imaging systems, and data acquisition systems.

Trapped ion quantum computer

A trapped ion quantum computer is one proposed approach to a large-scale quantum computer. Ions, or charged atomic particles, can be confined and suspended in free space using electromagnetic fields. Qubits are stored in stable electronic states of each ion, and quantum information can be transferred through the collective quantized motion of the ions in a shared trap (interacting through the Coulomb force).

Quantum computing

A quantum computer is a computer that exploits quantum mechanical phenomena. At small scales, physical matter exhibits properties of both particles and waves, and quantum computing leverages this behavior, specifically quantum superposition and entanglement, using specialized hardware that supports the preparation and manipulation of quantum states. Classical physics cannot explain the operation of these quantum devices, and a scalable quantum computer could perform some calculations exponentially faster than any modern "classical" computer.

Qubit

In quantum computing, a qubit (ˈkjuːbɪt) or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information—the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device. A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system, one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the peculiarity of quantum mechanics. Examples include the spin of the electron in which the two levels can be taken as spin up and spin down; or the polarization of a single photon in which the two states can be taken to be the vertical polarization and the horizontal polarization.

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