Covers the immune system's defense mechanisms against pathogens, including physical barriers, innate immunity, immune cell functions, and the complement system.
Explores translation, mutations, ribosome function, protein folding, and degradation processes, emphasizing the genetic code's role in protein synthesis.
Explores the diverse structures and functions of lipids, including triglycerides, phosphoglycerolipids, and steroids, focusing on their roles in biological membranes and signaling pathways.
Explores the immune system's defense mechanisms, including epithelial barriers, innate immunity, adaptive immunity, B and T cells, antibodies, and immunological memory.
Explores epigenetics and hereditary transmission, focusing on DNA modifications passed to offspring and the impact of environmental factors on gene expression across generations.
