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Concept

Townsend discharge

Related publications (30)

Inversing the actuation cycle of dielectric elastomer actuators for a facial prosthesis

Yves Perriard, Yoan René Cyrille Civet, Paolo Germano, Thomas Guillaume Martinez, Stefania Maria Aliki Konstantinidi, Alexis Boegli, Quentin Philippe Mario De Menech

Dielectric Elastomer Actuators (DEAs) are a type of smart material described as compliant capacitors. They show impressive performances as soft actuators, such as a high strain and fast response. Nonetheless, replicating natural muscle function with DEAs h ...

Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)2024

Temperature, humidity, and ionisation effect of iodine oxoacid nucleation

Andrea Baccarini, Lubna Dada

Iodine oxoacids are recognised for their significant contribution to the formation of new particles in marine and polar atmospheres. Nevertheless, to incorporate the iodine oxoacid nucleation mechanism into global simulations, it is essential to comprehend ...

Royal Soc Chemistry2024

DEMO toroidal field coil fast discharge unit integration studies

Roberto Guarino

The Fast Discharge Units (FDUs) of the Superconducting (SC) Toroidal Field (TF) coils in the European demonstration fusion power plant DEMO warrant the machine integrity over its full lifetime against severe failure events, such as SC coil quenches or any ...

Elsevier Science Sa2024

Comparison of reduced model predictions for divertor detachment onset and reattachment timescales in ASDEX Upgrade and JET experiments

Holger Reimerdes, Haomin Sun

Building on prior analysis of ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) experiments (Henderson et al 2023 Nucl. Fusion 63 086024), this study compares simple analytical formula predictions for divertor detachment onset and reattachment timescales in JET experiments. Detachment ...

IOP Publishing Ltd2024

Isotope Ratio - Discharge Relationships of Solutes Derived From Weathering Reactions

Paolo Benettin

To date, the vast majority of studies seeking to link discharge to solute concentrations have been based on representations of fluid age distributions in watersheds that are time-invariant. As increasingly detailed spatial and temporal datasets become avai ...

Amer Journal Science2023

New Developments in Amorphous Silicon Based Microchannel Plates

Christophe Ballif, Nicolas Würsch, Luca Massimiliano Antognini, Samira Alexandra Frey, Mohammad Beygi

Microchannel plates fabricated from hydrogenated amorphous silicon (AMCPs) are a promising alternative to conventional glass microchannel plates. Their main advantages lie in their flexible fabrication processes, allowing for adaptable channel shapes and t ...

2023

Zinc carboxylate optimization strategy for extending Al-air battery system's lifetime

Andreas Züttel, Liping Zhong, Thi Ha My Pham, Manhui Wei

Although Al-air batteries are expected to be the candidates for energy conversion systems in renewable energy market due to the higher energy density, richer reserves, and lighter mass of Al metal, the anode self-discharge is seen as a notorious issue that ...

ELSEVIER SCI LTD2023

Single-photon avalanche diode fabricated in standard 55 nm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS technology with sub-20 V breakdown voltage

Edoardo Charbon, Claudio Bruschini, Myung Jae Lee, Won Yong Ha

This paper presents a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) in 55 nm bipolar-CMOSDMOS (BCD) technology. In order to realize a SPAD having sub-20 V breakdown voltage for mobile applications while preventing high tunneling noise, a high-voltage N-well availab ...

Optica Publishing Group2023

The role of plasma-atom and molecule interactions on power & particle balance during detachment on the MAST Upgrade Super-X divertor

Christian Gabriel Theiler, Kevin Henricus Annemarie Verhaegh

This paper shows first quantitative analysis of the detachment processes in the MAST Upgrade Super-X divertor (SXD). We identify an unprecedented impact of plasma-molecular interactions involving molecular ions (likely D2+ ), resulting in strong ion sinks ...

IOP Publishing Ltd2023

Secondary Fast Breakdown in Narrow Bipolar Events

Farhad Rachidi-Haeri, Marcos Rubinstein

The physical mechanism of Narrow bipolar events (NBEs) has been studied for decades but it still holds many mysteries. Recent observations indicate that the fast breakdown discharges that produce NBEs sometimes contain a secondary fast breakdown that propa ...

2022

The Geometry and Charge of the Streamer Bursts Generated by Lightning Rods under the Influence of High Electric Fields

Farhad Rachidi-Haeri, Marcos Rubinstein

The streamer bursts generated during the initiation and propagation of leaders play an important role in the creation and maintenance of hot discharge channels in air. The most important parameters related to streamer bursts in this respect are the length ...

2022

Hard and Soft Switching Losses in Power Converters: Role of Transistor Output Capacitance

Palliyage Srilak Nirmana Perera

To best utilize power converters, a sound understanding of the relationship between the circuit topology and the power-semiconductor-device characteristics is required. This is especially important in high-frequency switching, where device parasitics start ...

EPFL2022

Preliminary Design of a High Current R&W TF Coil Conductor for the EU DEMO

Pierluigi Bruzzone, Kamil Sedlák, Federica Demattè

Paschen failures in ITER, W7-X and JT60 superconducting coils at the acceptance tests have shown that it is highly desirable to lower the coil discharge voltage (U-d) of the DEMO Toroidal Field (TF) coils. Another benefit of lowering the U-d might be the r ...

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers2022

Detrainment and braking of snow avalanches interacting with forests

Johan Alexandre Philippe Gaume, Xingyue Li

Mountain forests provide natural protection against avalanches. They can both prevent avalanche formation in release zones and reduce avalanche mobility in runout areas. Although the braking effect of forests has been previously explored through global sta ...

COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH2022

First-Principles Density Limit Scaling in Tokamaks Based on Edge Turbulent Transport and Implications for ITER

Olivier Sauter, Alessandro Pau, Paolo Ricci, Maurizio Giacomin

A first-principles scaling law, based on turbulent transport considerations, and a multimachine database of density limit discharges from the ASDEX Upgrade, JET, and TCV tokamaks, show that the increase of the boundary turbulent transport with the plasma c ...

2022

Development of a reduced model for energetic particle transport by sawteeth in tokamaks

Mario Ludovico Podesta, Francesca Maria Poli, Anna Teplukhina, Matteo Vallar, Jiangyan Yang

The sawtooth instability is known for inducing transport and loss of energetic particles (EPs), and for generating seed magnetic islands that can trigger tearing modes. Both effects degrade the overall plasma performance. Several theories and numerical mod ...

2022

Parametric study of the TF coil design for the European DEMO

Pierluigi Bruzzone, Rainer Wesche, Kamil Sedlák, Xabier Sarasola Martin, Roberto Guarino

In addition to a reduced number of feeders, which would simplify their integration in the cryostat of the tokamak, the present study considers the possibility to reduce the voltage during safety discharge of the toroidal field (TF) coils. A lowered dischar ...

2021

Ionization Waves Enhance the Production of X-rays during Streamer Collisions

Farhad Rachidi-Haeri, Marcos Rubinstein

Experimental data show that in laboratory sparks, X-rays are produced in time synchronization with the meeting of streamers of opposite polarity just before the final breakdown of the discharge gap. It has been suggested that the electric field enhancement ...

2021

T-cs degradation of ITER TF samples due to fast current discharges

Pierluigi Bruzzone, Boris Stepanov, Kamil Sedlák

Direct current tests performed in the past on the conductor samples of the toroidal field (TF) ITER coils revealed degradation of current sharing temperature, T-cs. The degradation progresses with repetitive electromagnetic loading, and also with thermal c ...

IOP Publishing Ltd2021

Pressure on obstacles induced by granular snow avalanches

Michael Lukas Kyburz

The increasing population and the consequential demand for dwelling and recreation areas lead to more frequent conflicts between humans and natural hazards. In mountainous regions snow avalanches are, therefore, still a major threat to humans and infrastru ...

EPFL2021