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Concept

Cofactor (biochemistry)

Related publications (28)

Structure of a membrane-bound menaquinol:organohalide oxidoreductase

Christof Holliger, Henning Paul-Julius Stahlberg, Julien Maillard, Dongchun Ni, Lorenzo Cimmino, Babatunde Edukpe Ekundayo

Organohalide-respiring bacteria are key organisms for the bioremediation of soils and aquifers contaminated with halogenated organic compounds. The major players in this process are respiratory reductive dehalogenases, corrinoid enzymes that use organohali ...

Nature Research2023

Genomics of Preaxostyla Flagellates Illuminates the Path Towards the Loss of Mitochondria

Marek Elias, Shweta Vinodrai Pipaliya

The notion that mitochondria cannot be lost was shattered with the report of an oxymonad Monocercomonoides exilis, the first eukaryote arguably without any mitochondrion. Yet, questions remain about whether this extends beyond the single species and how th ...

Public Library Science2023

An explainability framework for deep learning on chemical reactions exemplified by enzyme-catalysed reaction classification

Daniel Probst

Assigning or proposing a catalysing enzyme given a chemical or biochemical reaction is of great interest to life sciences and chemistry alike. The exploration and design of metabolic pathways and the challenge of finding more sustainable enzyme-catalysed a ...

2023

Proteome adaptations of the organohalide-respiring Desulfitobacterium hafniense strain DCB-2 to various energy metabolisms

Christof Holliger, Julien Maillard, Romain Hamelin, Florence Armand, Mathilde Stéphanie Willemin

IntroductionDesulfitobacterium hafniense was isolated for its ability to use organohalogens as terminal electron acceptors via organohalide respiration (OHR). In contrast to obligate OHR bacteria, Desulfitobacterium spp. show a highly versatile energy meta ...

Frontiers Media SA2023

The Function of Two Radical-SAM Enzymes, HcgA and HcgG, in the Biosynthesis of the [Fe]-Hydrogenase Cofactor

Xile Hu, Huijie Pan, Yiwei Zheng

In the biosynthesis of the iron-guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor, 6-carboxymethyl-5-methyl-4-hydroxy-2-pyridinol (1) is 3-methylated to form 2, then 4-guanylylated to form 3, and converted into the full cofactor. HcgA-G proteins catalyze the biosynthetic ...

Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH2022

Class I histone deacetylases (HDAC1-3) are histone lysine delactylases

Alexander Lund Nielsen, Carlos Moreno Yruela

Lysine L-lactylation [K(L-la)] is a newly discovered histone mark stimulated under conditions of high glycolysis, such as the Warburg effect. K(L-la) is associated with functions that are different from the widely studied histone acetylation. While K(L-la) ...

2022

Adsorption Behavior of the Coenzyme NADH at the Carbon/ Electrolyte Interface Determined by Neutron Reflectometry

Mary Hannah Wood

The adsorption behavior of beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) at the carbon/electrolyte interface has been studied using a combination of neutron reflectometry (NR) and solution depletion isotherms. Coupling the NR technique with an electrochemi ...

2022

Model-based scale-up of a continuously operated consolidated bioprocess based on a microbial consortium for the production of ethanol

David Beat Dempfle

This work demonstrated that consolidated bioprocessing is a promising concept for conversion of lignocellulose to ethanol at industrial scale. CBP offers great cost saving potential, is feasible to be operated continuously and may be scaled up due to exten ...

EPFL2022

Palmitoylated acyl protein thioesterase APT2 deforms membranes to extract substrate acyl chains

Matteo Dal Peraro, Françoise Gisou van der Goot Grunberg, Florence Pojer, Laurence Gouzi Abrami, Maria Josefina Marcaida Lopez, Francisco De Magalhães Sarmento Ribeiro De Mesquita, Martina Audagnotto, Patrick Alain Sandoz, Sylvia Ho, Giulia Fonti, Muhammad Umair Anwar

Acyl protein thioesterase APT2 interacts with membranes via its charged beta-tongue, becomes palmitoylated by ZDHHC3/7 and deforms the bilayer to extract substrate acyl chains. APT2 deacylation leads to its membrane release and degradation. ...

NATURE RESEARCH2021

3D architecture and structural flexibility revealed in the subfamily of large glutamate dehydrogenases by a mycobacterial enzyme

Luciano Andres Abriata

Glutamate dehydrogenases (GDHs) are widespread metabolic enzymes that play key roles in nitrogen homeostasis. Large glutamate dehydrogenases composed of 180kDa subunits (L-GDHs(180)) contain long N- and C-terminal segments flanking the catalytic core. Desp ...

2021

NAD(+) homeostasis in health and disease

Johan Auwerx, Elena Katsyuba, Mario Romani, Dina Hofer

The conceptual evolution of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) from being seen as a simple metabolic cofactor to a pivotal cosubstrate for proteins regulating metabolism and longevity, including the sirtuin family of protein deacylases, has led to ...

2020

SLC25A51 is a mammalian mitochondrial NAD(+) transporter

Kai Johnsson

Mitochondria require nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) to carry out the fundamental processes that fuel respiration and mediate cellular energy transduction. Mitochondrial NAD(+) transporters have been identified in yeast and plants(1,2), but thei ...

NATURE RESEARCH2020

Transient vitamin B5 starving improves mammalian cell homeostasis and protein production

Nicolas Mermod

Maintaining a metabolic steady state is essential for an organism's fitness and survival when confronted with environmental stress, and metabolic imbalance can be reversed by exposing the organism to fasting. Here, we attempted to apply this physiological ...

ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE2020

Evaluation of the NAD(+) biosynthetic pathway in ALS patients and effect of modulating NAD(+) levels in hSOD1-linked ALS mouse models

Johan Auwerx

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons. Astrocytes from diverse ALS models induce motor neuron death in co-culture. Enhancing NAD(+) availability, or increasing the expression of the NAD(+)-depende ...

2020

Niacin: an old lipid drug in a new NAD(+) dress

Johan Auwerx, Elena Katsyuba, Mario Romani, Dina Hofer

Niacin, the first antidyslipidemic drug, has been at the center stage of lipid research for many decades before the discovery of statins. However, to date, despite its remarkable effects on lipid profiles, the clinical outcomes of niacin treatment on cardi ...

AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC2019

Targeting mitochondrial bioenergetics and NAD+ metabolism during sarcopenia and regeneration of skeletal muscle

Tanja Sonntag

The progressive decline of muscle mass and function called sarcopenia is a multi-factorial process associated to frailty, disability, and low quality of life in the elderly. The co-factor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) becomes a limiting factor i ...

EPFL2019

Characterization of Coenzyme Q Biosynthesis Proteins through Integrative Modeling at the Protein-Membrane Interface

Deniz Aydin

Integral and peripheral membrane proteins account for one-third of the human proteome, and they are estimated to represent the target for over 50% of modern medicinal drugs. Despite their central role in medicine, the complex, heterogeneous and dynamic nat ...

EPFL2019

Effect of Single-Point Mutations on Nitric Oxide Rebinding and the Thermodynamic Stability of Myoglobin

Polydefkis Diamantis

The effect of single amino acid mutations on the rebinding dynamics of nitrogen monoxide (NO) to myoglobin is investigated using reactive molecular dynamics simulations. In particular, mutations of residues surrounding the heme-active site (Leu29, His64, V ...

AMER CHEMICAL SOC2019

The metabolite BH4 controls T cell proliferation in autoimmunity and cancer

Kai Johnsson, Jairo Alexander Lozano Moreno, Yann Mathieu Pierson

Genetic regulators and environmental stimuli modulate T cell activation in autoimmunity and cancer. The enzyme co-factor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is involved in the production of monoamine neurotransmitters, the generation of nitric oxide, and pain(1,2). ...

NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP2018

Semisynthetic sensor proteins enable metabolic assays at the point of care

Kai Johnsson, Rudolf Griss, Qiuliyang Yu, Lin Xue, Julien Hiblot

Monitoring metabolites at the point of care could improve the diagnosis and management of numerous diseases. Yet for most metabolites, such assays are not available. We introduce semisynthetic, light-emitting sensor proteins for use in paper-based metaboli ...

American Association for the Advancement of Science2018