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Concept

Information content

Related publications (31)

Seeking the new, learning from the unexpected: Computational models of surprise and novelty in the brain

Alireza Modirshanechi

Human babies have a natural desire to interact with new toys and objects, through which they learn how the world around them works, e.g., that glass shatters when dropped, but a rubber ball does not. When their predictions are proven incorrect, such as whe ...

EPFL2024

Motor-Unit Ordering of Blindly-Separated Surface-EMG Signals for Gesture Recognition

Pasquale Davide Schiavone

Hand gestures are one of the most natural and expressive way for humans to convey information, and thus hand gesture recognition has become a research hotspot in the human-machine interface (HMI) field. In particular, biological signals such as surface ele ...

SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG2023

Selection of informative monitoring techniques for bridge-performance evaluations

Eugen Brühwiler, Numa Joy Bertola

Decisions regarding the management of civil infrastructure are becoming more crucial as a large share of bridges is presently approaching what is often considered to be the end of their theoretical service duration. Evaluating existing structures using a d ...

Trinity College2023

Sensing the structural behavior: A perspective on the usefulness of monitoring information for bridge examination

Eugen Brühwiler, Numa Joy Bertola, Yves Sylvain Gilles Reuland

Managing existing civil infrastructure is challenging due to evolving functional requirements, material aging, and climate change. With increasingly limited economic, environmental, and material resources, more sustainable solutions for practical asset man ...

2023

A 3.3-Gb/s SPAD-Based Quantum Random Number Generator

Edoardo Charbon, Francesco Gramuglia, Pouyan Keshavarzian

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) are a burgeoning technology used for a variety of applications, including modern security and encryption systems. Typical methods exploit an entropy source combined with an extraction or bit generation circuit in or ...

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC2023

The evolution of behavioral cues and signaling in displaced communication

Dario Floreano, Laurent Keller

Displaced communication, whereby individuals communicate regarding a subject that is not immediately present (spatially or temporally), is one of the key features of human language. It also occurs in a few animal species, most notably the honeybee, where t ...

2023

Inactivation mechanisms of influenza A virus under pH conditions encountered in aerosol particles as revealed by whole-virus HDX-MS

Tamar Kohn, Athanasios Nenes, Kalliopi Violaki, Ghislain Gilles Jean-Michel Motos, Giovanni D'Angelo, Aline Laetitia Schaub, Shannon Christa David, Walter Hugentobler, Jonathan Paz Montoya

Multiple respiratory viruses, including influenza A virus (IAV), can be transmitted via expiratory aerosol particles, and aerosol pH was recently identified as a major factor influencing airborne virus infectivity. Indoors, small exhaled aerosols undergo r ...

2023

Continuous corrected particle number concentration data in 10 sec resolution measured in the Swiss aerosol container using a whole air inlet during MOSAiC 2019/2020

Julia Schmale, Ivo Fabio Beck

This dataset contains corrected particle number concentration data measured during the year-long MOSAiC expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. Some periods of the measurements were affected by repeated step changes in the particle number concentra ...

Zenodo2023

Stochastic homogenization of degenerate integral functionals with linear growth

Matthias Benjamin Ruf

We study the limit behaviour of sequences of non-convex, vectorial, random integral functionals, defined on W1,1, whose integrands are ergodic and satisfy degenerate linear growth conditions. The latter involve suitable random, scale-dependent weight-funct ...

2023

A Multimodal Dataset for Automatic Edge-AI Cough Detection

David Atienza Alonso, Tomas Teijeiro Campo, Lara Orlandic, Jérôme Paul Rémy Thevenot

Counting the number of times a patient coughs per day is an essential biomarker in determining treatment efficacy for novel antitussive therapies and personalizing patient care. There is a need for wearable devices that employ multimodal sensors to perform ...

Zenodo2023

A taxonomy of surprise definitions

Wulfram Gerstner, Johanni Michael Brea, Alireza Modirshanechi

Surprising events trigger measurable brain activity and influence human behavior by affecting learning, memory, and decision-making. Currently there is, however, no consensus on the definition of surprise. Here we identify 18 mathematical definitions of su ...

2022

Measurement in the Age of Information

Marilyne Andersen, Forrest Simon Webler

Information is the resolution of uncertainty and manifests itself as patterns. Although complex, most observable phenomena are not random and instead are associated with deterministic, chaotic systems. The underlying patterns and symmetries expressed from ...

2022

A Functional Perspective on Information Measures

Amedeo Roberto Esposito

Since the birth of Information Theory, researchers have defined and exploited various information measures, as well as endowed them with operational meanings. Some were born as a "solution to a problem", like Shannon's Entropy and Mutual Information. Other ...

EPFL2022

Optimization and Real-Time Aspects of Aircraft Model-Based Navigation

Gabriel François Laupré

The Vehicle Dynamic Model (VDM) based navigation of fixed-wing drones determines the airborne trajectory in conjunction with Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors. Without Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signals, this method estimates navigati ...

EPFL2022

Continuous raw particle number concentration data in 10 sec resolution, measured in the Swiss aerosol container during MOSAiC 2019/2020

Julia Schmale, Ivo Fabio Beck

This dataset contains raw particle number concentration data measured during the year long MOSAiC expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. The measurement was performed in the Swiss aerosol container on the D-deck of Research Vessel Polarstern using ...

Zenodo2022

Development of a reduced model for energetic particle transport by sawteeth in tokamaks

Mario Ludovico Podesta, Francesca Maria Poli, Anna Teplukhina, Matteo Vallar, Jiangyan Yang

The sawtooth instability is known for inducing transport and loss of energetic particles (EPs), and for generating seed magnetic islands that can trigger tearing modes. Both effects degrade the overall plasma performance. Several theories and numerical mod ...

2022

Revealing fundamentals of charge extraction in photovoltaic devices through potentiostatic photoluminescence imaging

Michael Graetzel, Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin, Yuhang Liu

The photocurrent density-voltage (J(V)) curve is the fundamental characteristic to assess opto-electronic devices, in particular solar cells. However, it only yields information on the performance inte-grated over the entire active device area. Here, a met ...

ELSEVIER2022

Learning in Volatile Environments With the Bayes Factor Surprise

Wulfram Gerstner, Johanni Michael Brea, Alireza Modirshanechi, Vasiliki Liakoni

Surprise-based learning allows agents to rapidly adapt to nonstationary stochastic environments characterized by sudden changes. We show that exact Bayesian inference in a hierarchical model gives rise to a surprise-modulated trade-off between forgetting o ...

MIT PRESS2021

A Comparison of optimal measurement-system design with engineering judgement for bridge load testing

Ian Smith, Numa Joy Bertola

Due to conservative approaches in construction design and practice, infrastructure often has hidden reserve capacity. When quantified, this reserve has potential to improve decisions related to asset management. Field measurements, collected through load t ...

2021

A methodology to design measurement systems when multiple model classes are plausible

Ian Smith, Numa Joy Bertola, Sai Ganesh Sarvotham Pai

The management of existing civil infrastructure is challenging due to evolving functional requirements, aging and climate change. Civil infrastructure often has hidden reserve capacity because of conservative approaches used in design and during constructi ...

2021