The assembly process of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) is driven by the viral polyprotein Gag. Fluorescence imaging of Gag protein fusions is widely performed and has revealed important information on viral assembly. Gag fusion proteins are com ...
Virus removal and inactivation is still a major challenge for water treatment facilities in both industrialised nations and developing countries. This may seem surprising as chlorine disinfection started to spread broadly over a century ago. However, many ...
UV disinfection of viruses frequently leads to tailing after an initial exponential decay. Aggregation, light shielding, recombination or resistant virus sub-populations were proposed as explanations; however, none of these options has conclusively been de ...
Over the course of evolution, retroviruses and their hosts have been in constant conflict, resulting in a long-term evolutionary "arms race" in which host and pathogen alternately gain selective advantages through functional innovations. On the host side, ...
In vivo transduction of nondividing cells by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-based vectors results in transgene expression that is stable over several months. However, the use of HIV-1 vectors raises concerns about their safety. Here we describ ...