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Concept

Ketogenesis

Related publications (21)

Autophagy regulates lipid metabolism through selective turnover of NCoR1

Johan Auwerx

Selective autophagy ensures the removal of specific soluble proteins, protein aggregates, damaged mitochondria, and invasive bacteria from cells. Defective autophagy has been directly linked to metabolic disorders. However how selective autophagy regulates ...

Springer2019

Catalytic valorization of the acetate fraction of biomass to aromatics and its integration into the carboxylate platform

Jeremy Luterbacher, Benjamin Pierre Le Monnier, Masoud Talebi Amiri, Ydna Marie Questell-Santiago, Jher Hau Yeap, Bartosz Rozmyslowicz

In many plant species, the acetate fraction is the fourth most prominent fraction by weight after cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and can be easily extracted as a single stable molecule, acetic acid, at high yields. Despite this, upgrading the acetate ...

2019

Norepinephrine stimulates glycogenolysis in astrocytes to fuel neurons with lactate

Pierre Magistretti, Henry Markram, Felix Schürmann, Daniel Keller, Jay Coggan, Corrado Cali

Although efficient compared to computers, the human brain utilizes energy at 10-fold the rate of other organs by mass. How the brain is supplied with sufficient on-demand energy to support its activity in the absence of neuronal storage capacity remains un ...

2018

Energy metabolism in the rat cortex under thiopental anaesthesia measured

João Miguel das Neves Duarte, Rolf Gruetter, Nathalie Just, Sarah Catherine Sonnay

Barbiturates, commonly used as general anaesthetics, depress neuronal activity and thus cerebral metabolism. Moreover, they are likely to disrupt the metabolic support of astrocytes to neurons, as well as the uptake of nutrients from circulation. By employ ...

Wiley-Blackwell2017

Measuring changes in substrate utilization in the myocardium in response to fasting using hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]butyrate and [1-(13)C]pyruvate

Arnaud Comment, Josefina Adriana Maria Bastiaansen

Cardiac dysfunction is often associated with a shift in substrate preference for ATP production. Hyperpolarized (HP) (13)C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has the unique ability to detect real-time metabolic changes in vivo due to its high sensitivit ...

Nature Research2016

Protein acetylation in metabolism - metabolites and cofactors

Johan Auwerx, Elena Katsyuba, Hongbo Zhang, Keir Joe Menzies

Reversible acetylation was initially described as an epigenetic mechanism regulating DNA accessibility. Since then, this process has emerged as a controller of histone and nonhistone acetylation that integrates key physiological processes such as metabolis ...

Nature Publishing Group2016

Enantioselective Synthesis of Homoallylic Azides and Nitriles via Palladium-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylation

Jérôme Waser, Paola Caramenti, Maria Victoria Vita

Azides and nitriles are important building blocks for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing bioactive compounds. The first example of enantioselective palladiumcatalyzed decarboxylative allylation of alpha-azido and cyano beta-ketoesters is reported. Indano ...

American Chemical Society2015

Neuroenergetic Response to Prolonged Cerebral Glucose Depletion after Severe Brain Injury and the Role of Lactate

Pierre Magistretti, Jocelyne Bloch

Lactate may represent a supplemental fuel for the brain. We examined cerebral lactate metabolism during prolonged brain glucose depletion (GD) in acute brain injury (ABI) patients monitored with cerebral microdialysis (CMD). Sixty episodes of GD (defined a ...

Mary Ann Liebert2015

Phosphorylation of the nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 by protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) switches its co-repressor targets in the liver

Johan Auwerx, Kristina Schoonjans, Dongryeol Ryu, Xu Wang, Adriano Maida

The nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCoR1) is a transcriptional co-regulator that has wide-ranging effects on gene expression patterns. In the liver, NCoR1 represses lipid synthesis in the fasting state, whereas it inhibits the activation of PPARα upon fee ...

Wiley-Blackwell2015

In vivo quantification of neuro-glial metabolism and glial glutamate concentration using 1H-[13C] MRS at 14.1T

Rolf Gruetter, Lijing Xin, Bernard Lanz

Astrocytes have recently become a major center of interest in neurochemistry with the discoveries on their major role in brain energy metabolism. An interesting way to probe this glial contribution is given by in vivo 13C NMR spectroscopy coupled with the ...

Wiley-Blackwell2014

Resistance to Diet-Induced Obesity and Associated Metabolic Perturbations in Haploinsufficient Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 Mice

Pierre Magistretti, Sylvain Eric Lengacher

The monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1 or SLC16A1) is a carrier of short-chain fatty acids, ketone bodies, and lactate in several tissues. Genetically modified C57BL/6J mice were produced by targeted disruption of the mct1 gene in order to understand the ...

Public Library of Science2013

Metabolic control of adult neural stem cell activity by Fasn-dependent lipogenesis

Matthias Lütolf, Marlen Knobloch

Mechanisms controlling the proliferative activity of neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) have a pivotal role to ensure life-long neurogenesis in the mammalian brain(1). How metabolic programs are coupled with NSPC activity remains unknown. Here we sho ...

Nature Publishing Group2013

In vivo metabolic studies in skeletal and cardiac muscle using ¹³C magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Josefina Adriana Maria Bastiaansen

Cardiac and skeletal muscle function relies on a continuous energy production via fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial oxidation of pyruvate, with a fine balance between substrate delivery and utilization. Changes in metabolism are increasingly being im ...

EPFL2013

In vivo detection of brain Krebs cycle intermediate by hyperpolarized magnetic resonance

Rolf Gruetter, Arnaud Comment, Mor-Miri Mishkovsky

The Krebs (or tricarboxylic acid (TCA)) cycle has a central role in the regulation of brain energy regulation and metabolism, yet brain TCA cycle intermediates have never been directly detected in vivo. This study reports the first direct in vivo observati ...

Nature Publishing Group2012

Mathematical Modeling of Brain Energy Metabolism, Measured with PET and MRS in Rodents

Bernard Lanz

Positron emission tomography (PET) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) are two biomedical measurement techniques developed in the end of the XXth century, which drastically improved the amount of accessible information available in vivo. PET ...

EPFL2012

In Vivo Evidence for Lactate as a Neuronal Energy Source

Pierre Magistretti, Renaud Jolivet

Cerebral energy metabolism is a highly compartmentalized and complex process in which transcellular trafficking of metabolites plays a pivotal role. Over the past decade, a role for lactate in fueling the energetic requirements of neurons has emerged. Furt ...

2011

Compartmentalized Cerebral Metabolism of [1,6-(13)C]Glucose Determined by in vivo (13)C NMR Spectroscopy at 14.1 T

João Miguel das Neves Duarte, Rolf Gruetter, Bernard Lanz

Cerebral metabolism is compartmentalized between neurons and glia. Although glial glycolysis is thought to largely sustain the energetic requirements of neurotransmission while oxidative metabolism takes place mainly in neurons, this hypothesis is matter o ...

Frontiers Research Foundation2011

Altered Glycogen Metabolism in Cultured Astrocytes from Mice with Chronic Glutathione Deficit; Relevance for Neuroenergetics in Schizophrenia

Pierre Magistretti, Igor Allaman

Neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's or Huntington's diseases and schizophrenia have been associated with a deficit in glutathione (GSH). In particular, a polymorphism in the gene of glutamate cysteine ligase modul ...

Public Library of Science2011

Distribution of the monocarboxylate transporter MCT2 in human cerebral cortex: an immunohistochemical study

Pierre Magistretti, Stephanie Clarke

The monocarboxylate transporter MCT2 belongs to a large family of membrane proteins involved in the transport of lactate, pyruvate and ketone bodies. Although its expression in rodent brain has been well documented, the presence of MCT2 in the human brain ...

2008

Neuron-glia metabolic coupling and plasticity

Pierre Magistretti

The coupling between synaptic activity and glucose utilization (neurometabolic coupling) is a central physiological principle of brain function that has provided the basis for 2-deoxyglucose-based functional imaging with positron emission tomography (PET). ...

2006