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Concept

Purkinje cell

Related publications (29)

Principles of Network Plasticity in Neocortical Microcircuits

András Ecker

Synaptic plasticity underlies our ability to learn and adapt to the constantly changing environment. The phenomenon of synapses changing their efficacy in an activity-dependent manner is often studied in small groups of neurons in vitro or indirectly throu ...

EPFL2023

Assemblies, synapse clustering and network topology interact with plasticity to explain structure-function relationships of the cortical connectome

Eilif Benjamin Muller, Michael Reimann, Marwan Muhammad Ahmed Abdellah, James Gonzalo King, András Ecker, Pramod Shivaji Kumbhar, Giuseppe Chindemi, Daniela Egas Santander, James Bryden Isbister, Ioannis Magkanaris, Sirio Bolaños Puchet, Jorge Blanco Alonso

Synaptic plasticity underlies the brain’s ability to learn and adapt. While experiments in brain slices have revealed mechanisms and protocols for the induction of plasticity between pairs of neurons, how these synaptic changes are coordinated in biologica ...

2024

Membrane potential dynamics of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in mouse barrel cortex during active whisker sensing

Carl Petersen, Sylvain Crochet, Aurélie Pala, Taro Kiritani, Célia Roxane Gasselin

Neocortical neurons can increasingly be divided into well-defined classes, but their activity patterns during quantified behavior remain to be fully determined. Here, we obtained membrane potential recordings from various classes of excitatory and inhibito ...

PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE2023

A subpopulation of cortical VIP-expressing interneurons with highly dynamic spines

Graham Knott, Jérôme Blanc

Structural synaptic plasticity may underlie experience and learning-dependent changes in cortical circuits. In contrast to excitatory pyramidal neurons, insight into the structural plasticity of inhibitory neurons remains limited. Interneurons are divided ...

NATURE PORTFOLIO2022

STEPS 4.0: Fast and memory-efficient molecular simulations of neurons at the nanoscale

Felix Schürmann, James Gonzalo King, Pramod Shivaji Kumbhar, Omar Awile, Alessandro Cattabiani, Christos Kotsalos, Tristan Mathieu Carel, Samuel Marie A Melchior, Baudouin Paul Michel Maria Joseph Del Marmol, Giacomo Castiglioni, Nicola Cantarutti

Recent advances in computational neuroscience have demonstrated the usefulness and importance of stochastic, spatial reaction-diffusion simulations. However, ever increasing model complexity renders traditional serial solvers, as well as naive parallel imp ...

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA2022

Single-neuron models linking electrophysiology, morphology, and transcriptomics across cortical cell types

Werner Alfons Hilda Van Geit

Which cell types constitute brain circuits is a fundamental question, but establishing the correspondence across cellular data modalities is challenging. Bio-realistic models allow probing cause-and-effect and linking seemingly disparate modalities. Here, ...

2022

Modeling and Simulation of Neocortical Micro- and Mesocircuitry. Part I: Anatomy

Henry Markram, Kathryn Hess Bellwald, Felix Schürmann, Daniel Keller, Eilif Benjamin Muller, Michael Reimann, Werner Alfons Hilda Van Geit, Lida Kanari, Srikanth Ramaswamy, Matthias Wolf, James Gonzalo King, Alexis Arnaudon, Ying Shi, András Ecker, Jean-Denis Georges Emile Courcol, Armando Romani, Pramod Shivaji Kumbhar, Judit Planas Carbonell, Michael Emiel Gevaert, Fernando Joaquim Leite Pereira, Liesbeth Maria L Vanherpe, Huanxiang Lu, Daniela Egas Santander, James Bryden Isbister, Ran Levi, Benoît Jean-Albert Coste, Samuel Lieven D. Lapere, Sirio Bolaños Puchet, Juan Bautista Hernando Vieites, Cyrille Pierre Henri Favreau, Joni Henrikki Herttuainen, Christoph Pokorny, Vishal Sood, Thomas Brice Delemontex, Adrien Michel Achille Devresse, Nicolas René Jean Ninin, Alexander Dietz, Hugo Thabo Dictus, Gianluca Ficarelli

The function of the neocortex is fundamentally determined by its repeating microcircuit motif, but also by its rich, hierarchical, interregional structure with a highly specific laminar architecture. The last decade has seen the emergence of extensive new ...

2024

The angiopoietin-Tie2 pathway regulates Purkinje cell dendritic morphogenesis in a cell-autonomous manner

Michele De Palma

Neuro-vascular communication is essential to synchronize central nervous system development. Here, we identify angiopoietin/Tie2 as a neuro-vascular signaling axis involved in regulating dendritic morphogenesis of Purkinje cells (PCs). We show that in the ...

CELL PRESS2021

Quantum Sensing of Free Radicals in Primary Human Dendritic Cells

Mayeul Sylvain Chipaux

Free radicals are crucial indicators for stress and appear in all kinds of pathogenic conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infection. However, they are difficult to detect due to their reactivity and low abundance. We use relaxometry ...

AMER CHEMICAL SOC2022

Long term effects of peripubertal stress on excitatory and inhibitory circuits in the prefrontal cortex of male and female mice

Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez

The impact of stressful events is especially important during early life, because certain cortical regions, especially the prefrontal cortex (PFC), are still developing. Consequently, aversive experiences that occur during the peripubertal period can cause ...

2021

The Role of Hub Neurons in Modulating Cortical Dynamics

Henry Markram, Felix Schürmann, Idan Segev

Many neurodegenerative diseases are associated with the death of specific neuron types in particular brain regions. What makes the death of specific neuron types particularly harmful for the integrity and dynamics of the respective network is not well unde ...

2021

Neuronal Circuits In Barrel Cortex For Whisker Sensory Perception

Carl Petersen

The array of whiskers on the snout provides rodents with tactile sensory information relating to the size, shape and texture of objects in their immediate environment. Rodents can use their whiskers to detect stimuli, distinguish textures, locate objects a ...

AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC2021

Somatostatin enhances visual processing and perception by suppressing excitatory inputs to parvalbumin-positive interneurons in V1

Graham Knott, Carl Petersen, Catherine Maclachlan

Somatostatin (SST) is a neuropeptide expressed in a major subtype of GABAergic interneurons in the cortex. Despite abundant expression of SST and its receptors, their modulatory function in cortical processing remains unclear. Here, we found that SST appli ...

2020

Excitatory/inhibitory neuronal metabolic balance in mouse hippocampus upon infusion of [U-C-13(6)]glucose

Rolf Gruetter, Hongxia Lei, Bernard Lanz, Carole Poitry-Yamate, Antoine Timothée Cherix, Guillaume Donati, Blanca Lizarbe Serra

Hippocampus plays a critical role in linking brain energetics and behavior typically associated to stress exposure. In this study, we aimed to simultaneously assess excitatory and inhibitory neuronal metabolism in mouse hippocampus in vivo by applying (18) ...

2021

An efficient analytical reduction of detailed nonlinear neuron models

Felix Schürmann, Idan Segev, Pramod Shivaji Kumbhar, Michael Emiel Gevaert

Detailed conductance-based nonlinear neuron models consisting of thousands of synapses are key for understanding of the computational properties of single neurons and large neuronal networks, and for interpreting experimental results. Simulations of these ...

Nature Research2020

A Computational Model of Loss of Dopaminergic Cells in Parkinson's Disease Due to Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity

Srikanth Ramaswamy, Vignayanandam Ravindernath Muddapu

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with progressive and inexorable loss of dopaminergic cells in Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNc). Although many mechanisms have been suggested, a decisive root cause of this cell loss is ...

2019

Two-photon calcium imaging of neocortical projection neurons in whisker somatosensory cortex during goal-directed sensorimotor learning

Dimitra Angeliki Vavladeli

Excitatory projection neurons of the neocortex are thought to play important roles in perceptual and cognitive functions of the brain by directly connecting diverse cortical and subcortical areas. However, many aspects of the anatomical and functional orga ...

EPFL2018

Neuromorphic System with Phase-Change Synapses for Pattern Learning and Feature Extraction

Yusuf Leblebici, Stanislaw Andrzej Wozniak, Angeliki Pantazi

Neuromorphic systems provide biologically inspired methods of computing, alternative to the classical von Neumann approach. In these systems, computation is performed by a network of spiking neurons controlled by the values of their synaptic weights, which ...

2017

Cortical afferents onto the nucleus Reticularis thalami promote plasticity of low-threshold excitability through GluN2C-NMDARs

Simone Astori

Thalamus and cortex represent a highly integrated processing unit that elaborates sensory representations. Interposed between cortex and thalamus, the nucleus Reticularis thalami (nRt) receives strong cortical glutamatergic input and mediates top-down inhi ...

Nature Research2017

Morphological Diversity Strongly Constrains Synaptic Connectivity and Plasticity

Henry Markram, Eilif Benjamin Muller, Srikanth Ramaswamy, Michael Reimann

Synaptic connectivity between neurons is naturally constrained by the anatomical overlap of neuronal arbors, the space on the axon available for synapses, and by physiological mechanisms that form synapses at a subset of potential synapse locations. What i ...

Oxford University Press (OUP)2017