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Concept

Phobia

Related publications (28)

Teaching about non-deterministic physics: an almost forgotten fundamental contribution of Marie Curie

Giorgio Margaritondo

The first historical steps of radioactivity research offer an excellent opportunity to teach a key concept of modern physics: non-deterministic phenomena. However, this opportunity is often wasted because of historical misconceptions and of the irrational ...

Iop Publishing Ltd2024

Blunted Glucocorticoid Responsiveness to Stress Causes Behavioral and Biological Alterations That Lead to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Vulnerability

Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez, Olivia Zanoletti, Simone Astori, Jocelin Grosse, Marie-Isabelle Guillot de Suduiraut, Sophie Elizabeth Walker, Silvia Monari

Background: Understanding why only a subset of trauma-exposed individuals develop posttraumatic stress disorder is critical for advancing clinical strategies. A few behavioral (deficits in fear extinction) and biological (blunted glucocorticoid levels, sma ...

2023

Prefrontal engrams of long-term fear memory perpetuate pain perception

Johannes Gräff

A painful episode can lead to a life-long increase in an individual's experience of pain. Fearful anticipation of imminent pain could play a role in this phenomenon, but the neurobiological underpinnings are unclear because fear can both suppress and enhan ...

NATURE PORTFOLIO2023

Glucocorticoid-based pharmacotherapies preventing PTSD

Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez, Silvia Monari

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly disabling psychiatric condition that may arise after exposure to acute and severe trauma. It is a highly prevalent mental disorder worldwide, and the current treatment options for these patients remain limit ...

2023

Amygdala subdivisions exhibit aberrant whole-brain functional connectivity in relation to stress intolerance and psychotic symptoms in 22q11.2DS

Dimitri Nestor Alice Van De Ville, Farnaz Delavari

The amygdala is a key region in emotional regulation, which is often impaired in psychosis. However, it is unclear if amygdala dysfunction directly contributes to psychosis, or whether it contributes to psychosis through symptoms of emotional dysregulation ...

SPRINGERNATURE2023

Genetic selection for low glucocorticoid responsiveness recapitulates PTSD-related phenotypes: a behavioral, neuroimaging and sleep-physiology study

Silvia Monari

Humans show inter-individual differences in vulnerability to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following exposure to trauma. Several critical biobehavioral features have been consistently described in PTSD patients, including blunted cortisol l ...

EPFL2022

Opposite effects of stress on effortful motivation in high and low anxiety are mediated by CRHR1 in the VTA

Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez, Olivia Zanoletti, Simone Astori, Jocelin Grosse, Marie-Isabelle Guillot de Suduiraut, Ioannis Zalachoras

Individuals frequently differ in their behavioral and cognitive responses to stress. However, whether motivation is differently affected by acute stress in different individuals remains to be established. By exploiting natural variation in trait anxiety in ...

2022

Large-Scale Brain Network Dynamics Provide a Measure of Psychosis and Anxiety in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Daniela

Dimitri Nestor Alice Van De Ville, Marie Schaer, Fikret Isik Karahanoglu

BACKGROUND: Prodromal positive psychotic symptoms and anxiety are two strong risk factors for schizophrenia in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS). The analysis of large-scale brain network dynamics during rest is promising to investigate aberrant brain fu ...

ELSEVIER2019

In the pursuit of the fear engram: identification of neuronal circuits underlying the treatment of anxiety disorder

Ossama Mohamed Salah El-Dien El-Sayed Ibrahim Khalaf

Fear and other anxiety disorders are extraordinarily robust and difficult to treat. Among the most effective treatments for anxiety disorders are exposure-based therapies, during which a patient is repeatedly confronted with the originally fear-eliciting s ...

EPFL2017

Emergence in extinction of enhanced and persistent responding to ambiguous aversive cues is associated with high MAOA activity in the prelimbic cortex

Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez, Guillaume Poirier

There is a great deal of individual variability in the emotional outcomes of potentially traumatic events, and the underlying mechanisms are only beginning to be understood. In order to further our understanding of individual trajectories to trauma, its vu ...

2016

The electrophysiological effects of the serotonin 1A receptor agonist buspirone in emotional face processing

Fosco Bernasconi

Emotional face processing is critically modulated by the serotonergic system, and serotonin (5-HT) receptor agonists impair emotional face processing. However, the specific contribution of the 5-HT1A receptor remains poorly understood. Here we investigated ...

Elsevier Science Bv2015

Mitochondrial function in the brain links anxiety with social subordination

Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez, Carlos Canto Alvarez, Olivia Zanoletti, Fiona Hollis, Laura Lozano Montes

Dominance hierarchies are integral aspects of social groups, yet whether personality traits may predispose individuals to a particular rank remains unclear. Here we show that trait anxiety directly influences social dominance in male outbred rats and ident ...

National Academy of Sciences2015

Medial Forebrain Bundle Deep Brain Stimulation has Symptom-specific Anti-depressant Effects in Rats and as Opposed to Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Stimulation Interacts With the Reward System

Background: In recent years, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a promising treatment option for patients suffering from treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Several stimulation targets have successfully been tested in clinical settings, includin ...

Elsevier Science Inc2015

CRHR1 links peripuberty stress with deficits in social and stress-coping behaviors

Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez, Vandana Veenit, Orbicia Riccio Wicht

Stressful life events during childhood and adolescence are important risk factors for the development of psychopathologies later in life. The corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) and the CRH receptor 1 (CRHR1) have been implicated in the link between earl ...

Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd2014

Long-term behavioral programming induced by peripuberty stress in rats is accompanied by GABAergic-related alterations in the amygdala

Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez, Stamatina Tzanoulinou, Vandana Veenit

Stress during childhood and adolescence is a risk factor for psychopathology. Alterations in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, have been found following stress exposure and fear experiences and are often implica ...

Public Library of Science2014

Social deficits induced by peripubertal stress in rats are reversed by resveratrol

Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez, Olivia Zanoletti, Guillaume Poirier

Adolescence is increasingly recognized as a critical period for the development of the social system, through the maturation of social competences and of their underlying neural circuitries. The present study sought to test the utility of resveratrol, a di ...

2014

Peripuberty stress leads to abnormal aggression, altered amygdala and orbitofrontal reactivity and increased prefrontal MAOA gene expression

Pierre Magistretti, Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez, Didier Trono, Maria Isabel Cordero Campana, Guillaume Poirier, Anna Claire Groner

Although adverse early life experiences have been found to increase lifetime risk to develop violent behaviors, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these long-term effects remain unclear. We present a novel animal model for pathological aggression in ...

Nature Publishing Group2013

Hyper-emotional neurophysiology in a rat model of autism

Mônica Regina Favre

Autism is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by a spectrum of symptoms of social impairment, abnormal communication, and unusual restricted, inflexible behaviors. Patients also frequently present various levels of se ...

EPFL2013

Role of the HPA axis in the long-term programming of social behaviors by peripuberty stress : behavioral, pharmacological and molecular approaches

Vandana Veenit

Stress during childhood and adolescence enhances the risk of psychopathology later in life. In fact, exposure to stress during this period is known to predispose individuals to the development of psychopathologies such as depression and anxiety disorders l ...

EPFL2013

Amygdala responses to averted vs direct gaze fear vary as a function of presentation speed

Nouchine Hadjikhani

We examined whether amygdala responses to rapidly presented fear expressions are preferentially tuned to averted vs direct gaze fear and conversely whether responses to more sustained presentations are preferentially tuned to direct vs averted gaze fear. W ...

Oxford University Press2012