Concept

Upper motor neuron

Related publications (31)

Reward signals in the motor cortex: from biology to neurotechnology

Solaiman Shokur, Pierre Theopistos Vassiliadis

Over the past decade, research has shown that the primary motor cortex (M1), the brain's main output for movement, also responds to rewards. These reward signals may shape motor output in its final stages, influencing movement invigoration and motor learni ...

NATURE PORTFOLIO2025

Trio preserves motor synapses and prolongs motor ability during aging

Evelyne Ruchti, Brian Donal McCabe, Wei Jiao, Soumya Banerjee, Greta Limoni, Samuel William Vernon, Marine Van Campenhoudt

The decline of motor ability is a hallmark feature of aging and is accompanied by degeneration of motor synaptic terminals. Consistent with this, Drosophila motor synapses undergo characteristic age -dependent structural fragmentation co -incident with dim ...

Cell Press2024

Uncovering interactions between Descending Neurons as a functional principle of behavioural control

Jonas Friedrich Braun

Animals, including humans, exhibit a remarkable variety of complex behaviours. How the nervous system controls all these behaviours ranging from simple, stereotyped movements to flexible, adaptive actions is a central questions of neuroscience. One of the ...

EPFL2024

Efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation to the ipsilesional motor cortex in subacute stroke (NETS): a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Friedhelm Christoph Hummel

Background Each year, five million people are left disabled after stroke. Upper -extremity (UE) dysfunction is a leading problem. Neuroplasticity can be enhanced by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) but evidence from large, randomized multicenter trial ...

Elsevier2024

The mouse motor system contains multiple premotor areas and partially follows human

Valerio Zerbi

While humans are known to have several premotor cortical areas, secondary motor cortex (M2) is often considered to be the only higher -order motor area of the mouse brain and is thought to combine properties of various human premotor cortices. Here, we sho ...

Cell Press2024

Loss of Motor Cortical Inputs to the Red Nucleus after CNS Disorders in Nonhuman Primates

Simon Borgognon

The premotor (PM) and primary motor (M1) cortical areas broadcast voluntary motor commands through multiple neuronal pathways, including the corticorubral projection that reaches the red nucleus (RN). However, the respective contribution of M1 and PM to co ...

SOC NEUROSCIENCE2023

Digital reconstruction of the mammalian spinal cord: from anatomical reference volume to cell type atlas of the mouse spinal cord

Ihor Kuras

The spinal cord is an elongated nervous structure that together with the brain forms the central nervous system. It relays sensory and motor information between the brain and the body, thus controlling most somatic and autonomic body functions. In recent y ...

EPFL2023

Neuronal correlates of goal-directed sensorimotor transformation in sensory, motor and higher-order cortical areas

Anastasiia Oryshchuk

An important function of the brain is to interpret incoming sensory information from the outside world to guide adaptive behavior. Understanding how and where sensory information is transformed into motor commands in a context- and learning-dependent manne ...

EPFL2023

Axonal projections from mouse whisker-related sensory cortex

Yanqi Liu

Neurons primarily communicate through release of neurotransmitter from presynaptic specialisations along their axonal arborisations. In order to understand the functional role of a specific neuron, it is therefore of great interest to know the structure of ...

EPFL2023

Fast-Spiking Interneurons of the Premotor Cortex Contribute to Initiation and Execution of Spontaneous Actions

Silvestro Micera

Planning and execution of voluntary movement depend on the contribution of distinct classes of neurons in primary motor and premotor areas. However, timing and pattern of activation of GABAergic cells during specific motor behaviors remain only partly unde ...

SOC NEUROSCIENCE2023

Connecting the dots: harnessing dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation to quantify the causal influence of medial frontal areas on the motor cortex

Pierre Theopistos Vassiliadis

Dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation has been widely employed to investigate the influence of cortical structures on the primary motor cortex. Here, we leveraged this technique to probe the causal influence of two key areas of the medial frontal cor ...

Oxford Univ Press Inc2023

Longitudinal evaluation of the mechanisms supporting post-stroke motor recovery using TMS-EEG coupling

Andéol Geoffroy Cadic-Melchior

Stroke is the main source of long-lasting disability, affecting dominantly motor functions. The extent and course of recovery are highly heterogeneous between patients, with a minority of patients fully recovering from their initial impairments, leaving 85 ...

EPFL2023

Central and peripheral delivered AAV9-SMN are both efficient but target different pathomechanisms in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy

Bernard Schneider

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disease caused by loss of the SMN1 gene and low SMN protein levels. Although lower motor neurons are a primary target, there is evidence that peripheral organ defects contribute to SMA. Current SMA gene ther ...

2022

Determining patterns of post-stroke motor recovery through longitudinal multimodal MRI: A step towards patient stratification

Julia Brügger

Motivated by the need for a better understanding of post-stroke recovery and new biomarkers to improve stroke patient stratification and outcomes, this thesis investigated structure-function coupling and its role in post-stroke recovery. Furthermore, in or ...

EPFL2022

A subpopulation of cortical VIP-expressing interneurons with highly dynamic spines

Graham Knott, Jérôme Blanc

Structural synaptic plasticity may underlie experience and learning-dependent changes in cortical circuits. In contrast to excitatory pyramidal neurons, insight into the structural plasticity of inhibitory neurons remains limited. Interneurons are divided ...

NATURE PORTFOLIO2022

Pum2 and TDP-43 refine area-specific cytoarchitecture post-mitotically and modulate translation of Sox5, Bcl11b, and Rorb mRNAs in developing mouse neocortex

Nagammal Neelagandan

In the neocortex, functionally distinct areas process specific types of information. Area identity is established by morphogens and transcriptional master regulators, but downstream mechanisms driving area-specific neuronal specification remain unclear. He ...

eLIFE SCIENCES PUBL LTD2022

Uncovering the neural substrates of communication between the brain and ventral nerve cord in Drosophila melanogaster (italic)

Florian Aymanns

Despite a long history of research in motor control, the exact mechanism of how the brain communicates with the the invertebrate ventral nerve cord (VNC) and the vertebrate spinal cord on a single neuron basis remains largely elusive. Drosophila melanogast ...

EPFL2022

Revisiting the specificity and ability of phospho-S129 antibodies to capture alpha-synuclein biochemical and pathological diversity

Hilal Lashuel, Nicolas Jean Philippe Guex, Anass Chiki, Christian Iseli, Anne-Laure Mahul Mellier, Ritwik Burai, Melek Firat Altay, Jonathan Jean-Pierre Ricci, Salvatore Novello, Pedro José Santana Ribeiro Magalhães, Sonia Donzelli, Yllza Jasiqi, Ramanath Narayana Hegde, Sean Michael Deguire, Ahmed Sherif Saad Zaghloul Mohamed Sadek

Antibodies against phosphorylated alpha-synuclein (aSyn) at 5129 have emerged as the primary tools to investigate, monitor, and quantify aSyn pathology in the brain and peripheral tissues of patients with Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative dis ...

NATURE PORTFOLIO2022

Scrambler Therapy for Chronic Pain after Burns and Its Effect on the Cerebral Pain Network: A Prospective, Double-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial

Chang-Hyun Park

Chronic pain is common after burn injuries, and post-burn neuropathic pain is the most important complication that is difficult to treat. Scrambler therapy (ST) is a non-invasive modality that uses patient-specific electrocutaneous nerve stimulation and is ...

MDPI2022

SYNAPSE: An international roadmap to large brain imaging

Giorgio Margaritondo

Since 2020, synchrotron radiation facilities in several Asia-Pacific countries have been collaborating in a major project called "SYNAPSE"(Synchrotrons for Neuroscience: an Asia-Pacific Scientific Enterprise). They use x-ray imaging to attack in a coordina ...

ELSEVIER2022