Activin-A is a Transforming Growth Factor-B (TGFB)-related cytokine that regulates various biological processes including cell proliferation and differentiation through autocrine, paracrine or endocrine signaling. Activin-A expression is upregulated in mul ...
Cells need to reliably control their proteome composition to maintain homeostasis and regulate growth. How protein synthesis and degradation interplay to control protein expression levels remains unclear. Here, we combined a tandem fluorescent timer and pu ...
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways constitute key regulatory elements linking extracellular stimuli to nuclear gene expression. Immediate-early responsive genes (IEGs) of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) family, such as fos, achieve peak expres ...
KRAS is one of the most commonly mutated oncogenes in human tumors, and is typically associated with aggressive disease. Despite intensive study and years of effort, KRAS has remained refractory to targeted inhibition. Given the challenge of inhibiting KRA ...
A fundamental aspect of epithelial homeostasis is the dependence on specific growth factors for cell survival, yet the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. We found an "inverse" mode of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling that directly links ErbB receptor ...
One of the basic characteristics of every living system is the ability to respond to extracellular signals. This is carried out through a limited number of protein-based signaling networks, whose function is not based only on simple transmission of the rec ...
Endothelial cells (ECs) in blood vessels under formation are stabilized by the recruitment of pericytes, both in normal tissues and during angiogenesis in pathologic situations, including neoplasia. In the tumor vasculature, besides supporting the function ...
Nodal and its co-receptors of the EGF-CFC family are essential during chordate development, both to maintain pluripotent progenitor cells and to subsequently coordinate their allocation to the different germ layers. How these distinct Nodal activities are ...
K-ras is the most commonly mutated oncogene in pancreatic cancer and its activation in murine models is sufficient to recapitulate the spectrum of lesions seen in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Recent studies suggest that Notch receptor sig ...
BACKGROUND: The JNK pathway is a mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway involved in the regulation of numerous physiological processes during development and in response to environmental stress. JNK activity is controlled by two MAPK kinases (MAPKK ...
During development of the central nervous system, stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation are controlled by complex inter- and intracellular interactions that orchestrate the precise spatiotemporal production of particular cell types. Wi ...