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Formula racing (known as open-wheel racing in North America) is any of several forms of open-wheeled single-seater motorsport. The origin of the term lies in the nomenclature that was adopted by the FIA for all of its post-World War II single-seater regulations, or formulae. The best known of these formulae are Formula One, Formula E, Formula Two, Formula Three, regional Formula Three and Formula Four. Common usage of "formula racing" encompasses other single-seater series, including the IndyCar Series and the Super Formula Championship. Categories such as Formula Three and Formula Two are described as feeder formulae, which refers to their position below top-level series like Formula One on their respective career ladders of single-seater motor racing. There are two primary forms of racing formula: the open formula that allows a choice of chassis or engines and the control or "spec" formula that relies on a single supplier for chassis and engines. Formula Three is an example of an open formula, while Formula BMW is a control formula. There are also some exceptions on these two forms like Formula Ford where there is an open chassis formula but a restricted single brand engine formula. History of Formula One In the process of reviving Grand Prix racing after the end of World War II, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile's Commission Sportive Internationale was responsible for defining the standardised regulations of Formula One (F1) in 1946. The first race to be run to the early Formula One regulations was a non-championship Grand Prix in Turin in September 1946. The first officially recognised Formula One season was held in 1947 and the World Championship for Drivers was inaugurated in 1950. This was the first example of formula racing. FIA Formula E Championship Formula E is the highest class of competition for single-seat, electrically-powered racing cars, which held its inaugural season in 2014–15. Conceived in 2012, the championship was intended by the FIA to serve as an R&D platform for the electric vehicle and promote interest in EVs and sustainability.
[2]Paolo Prandoni, [3]LCAV, EPFL
The Karplus-Strong algorithm is a simple method to generate synthetic
sounds with arbitrary pitch. In this notebook we will explore a few
variations of the method to illustrate some basic notions of
discrete-time signal processing.
In [1]:
%matplotlib inline
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import IPython
In [2]:
plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] [2]Paolo Prandoni, [3]LCAV, EPFL
This notebook shows a simple way to process audio files (in WAV format)
in a block-by-block fashion; this is useful in two cases
1. when you want to process a data stream in real time but you can
accept a small processing delay; in this case a buffered approach
can yield computational gains
2. when you need to process a large file that does not fit entirely
into [2]Paolo Prandoni, [3]LCAV, EPFL
In this notebook we will look at the practical issues associated to
plotting the DFT and in particular the DFT of real-world signals. We
will examine how to map the DFT coefficients to real-world frequencies
and we will investigate the frequency resolution of the DFT and the
effects of zero padding.
In [1]: