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Neurotransmission

Related publications (19)

Reward signals in the motor cortex: from biology to neurotechnology

Solaiman Shokur, Pierre Theopistos Vassiliadis

Over the past decade, research has shown that the primary motor cortex (M1), the brain's main output for movement, also responds to rewards. These reward signals may shape motor output in its final stages, influencing movement invigoration and motor learni ...

NATURE PORTFOLIO2025

A bistable inhibitory optoGPCR for multiplexed optogenetic control of neural circuits

Mauro Pulin

Information is transmitted between brain regions through the release of neurotransmitters from long-range projecting axons. Understanding how the activity of such long-range connections contributes to behavior requires efficient methods for reversibly mani ...

Nature Publishing Group2024

White adipose tissue distribution and amount are associated with increased white matter connectivity

Jean-Philippe Thiran, Gabriel Girard, Elda Fischi Gomez, Philipp Johannes Koch

Obesity represents a significant public health concern and is linked to various comorbidities and cognitive impairments. Previous research indicates that elevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with structural changes in white matter (WM). However, a ...

Wiley2024

Unveiling the complexity of learning and decision-making

Wei-Hsiang Lin

Reinforcement learning (RL) is crucial for learning to adapt to new environments. In RL, the prediction error is an important component that compares the expected and actual rewards. Dopamine plays a critical role in encoding these prediction errors. In my ...

EPFL2024

Subcortical correlates of consciousness with human single neuron recordings

Olaf Blanke, Fosco Bernasconi, Nathan Quentin Faivre, Michael Eric Anthony Pereira

Subcortical brain structures such as the basal ganglia or the thalamus are involved in regulating motor and cognitive behavior. However, their contribution to perceptual consciousness is still unclear, due to the inherent difficulties of recording subcorti ...

2024

Involvement of prelimbic cortex neurons and related circuits in the acquisition of a cooperative learning by pairs of rats

Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez, Elias Georges Gebara

Social behaviors such as cooperation are crucial for mammals. A deeper knowledge of the neuronal mechanisms underlying cooperation can be beneficial for people suffering from pathologies with impaired social behavior. Our aim was to study the brain activit ...

Springer2024

Non-invasive stimulation of the human striatum disrupts reinforcement learning of motor skills

Friedhelm Christoph Hummel, Takuya Morishita, Maximilian Jonas Wessel, Elena Beanato, Traian Popa, Pierre Theopistos Vassiliadis, Fabienne Windel, Esra Neufeld

Reinforcement feedback can improve motor learning, but the underlying brain mechanisms remain underexplored. In particular, the causal contribution of specific patterns of oscillatory activity within the human striatum is unknown. To address this question, ...

Nature Portfolio2024

Structural heterogeneity of the ion and lipid channel TMEM16F

Horst Arthur Vogel

Transmembrane protein 16 F (TMEM16F) is a Ca2+-activated homodimer which functions as an ion channel and a phospholipid scramblase. Despite the availability of several TMEM16F cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures, the mechanism of activation ...

Nature Portfolio2024

Distinct ultrastructural phenotypes of glial and neuronal alpha-synuclein inclusions in multiple system atrophy

Henning Paul-Julius Stahlberg, Marta Di Fabrizio, Amanda Jennifer Lewis, Domenic Burger

Multiple System Atrophy is characterized pathologically by the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (aSyn) into glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs). The mechanism underlying the formation of GCIs is not well understood. In this study, correlative light and elec ...

2024

Memristive Control of Plasmon-Mediated Nonlinear Photoluminescence in Au Nanowires

Konstantin Malchow

Nonlinear photoluminescence (N-PL) is a broadband photon emission arising from a nonequilibrium heated electron distribution generated at the surface of metallic nanostructures by ultrafast pulsed laser illumination. N-PL is sensitive to surface morphology ...

Amer Chemical Soc2024

Bodily implant microelectrode and bodily implant microelectrode fabrication method

Sandro Carrara, Diego Ghezzi, Gian Luca Barbruni

The present invention concerns a bodily implantable or probe device and microelectrode fabrication method comprising providing at least one silicon substrate including an electronic device or unit; providing, on a first side of the silicon substrate, at le ...

2024

Striatal Dopamine Signals and Reward Learning

Meriam Malekzadeh, Robin François Virginien Dard, Carl Petersen, Sylvain Crochet, Yanqi Liu, Parviz Ghaderi, Christos Sourmpis, Pol Bech Vilaseca, Mauro Pulin, Anthony Pierre Robert Renard

We are constantly bombarded by sensory information and constantly making decisions on how to act. In order to optimally adapt behavior, we must judge which sequences of sensory inputs and actions lead to successful outcomes in specific circumstances. Neuro ...

Oxford Univ Press2023

In Silico Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging: A Model-Based Approach for Bridging Scales of Cortical Activity

Taylor Howard Newton

An understanding of how microscale voltage fluctuations interact to shape mesoscale cortical information processing is lacking. Voltage-sensitive dye imaging (VSDI) is a powerful technique for interrogating membrane potential dynamics in assemblies of cort ...

EPFL2019

Synaptic proximity enables NMDAR signalling to promote brain metastasis

Graham Knott, Douglas Hanahan, Brian Donal McCabe, Iacovos Michael, Mohammad Sadegh Saghafinia, Wei Jiao, Qiqun Zeng

Metastasis-the disseminated growth of tumours in distant organs-underlies cancer mortality. Breast-to-brain metastasis (B2BM) is a common and disruptive form of cancer and is prevalent in the aggressive basal-like subtype, but is also found at varying freq ...

2019

Data-Driven Modeling of Cholinergic Modulation of Neural Microcircuits: Bridging Neurons, Synapses and Network Activity

Henry Markram, Srikanth Ramaswamy, Cristina Colangelo

Neuromodulators, such as acetylcholine (ACh), control information processing in neural microcircuits by regulating neuronal and synaptic physiology. Computational models and simulations enable predictions on the potential role of ACh in reconfiguring netwo ...

2018

Integrating Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity: the current state of the field and future research directions

Wulfram Gerstner, Lu Chen

We summarize here the results presented and subsequent discussion from the meeting on Integrating Hebbian and Homeostatic Plasticity at the Royal Society in April 2016. We first outline the major themes and results presented at the meeting. We next provide ...

Royal Soc2017

Large-scale neural networks implemented with nonvolatile memory as the synaptic weight element: comparative performance analysis (accuracy, speed, and power)

Yusuf Leblebici, Irem Boybat Kara, Severin Sidler

We review our work towards achieving competitive performance (classification accuracies) for on chip machine learning (ML) of large scale artificial neural networks (ANN) using Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) based synapses, despite the inherent random and deter ...

2015

Pansynaptic Enlargement at Adult Cortical Connections Strengthened by Experience

Graham Knott

Behavioral experience alters the strength of neuronal connections in adult neocortex. These changes in synaptic strength are thought to be central to experience-dependent plasticity, learning, and memory. However, it is not known how changes in synaptic tr ...

Oxford University Press2014

Spontaneous and evoked synaptic rewiring in the neonatal neocortex

Henry Markram, Jean-Vincent Le Bé

The local microcircuitry of the neocortex is structurally a tabula rasa, with the axon of each pyramidal neuron having numerous submicrometer appositions with the dendrites of all neighboring pyramidal neurons, but is functionally highly selective, with sy ...

National Academy of Sciences2006